Mayor of Istanbul dismisses charges against him

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This is the Global News Podcast from the BBC World Service. I'm Bernadette Keough and in the early hours of Sunday the 23rd of March, these are our main stories.
In Istanbul, protesters take to the streets for the fourth day running following the arrest of the city's mayor Ekram Imamoglu, who's appeared in a Turkish court. Pope Francis is being discharged from hospital on Sunday.
Lebanese state media say eight people have been killed in two waves of Israeli airstrikes Also in this podcast, an urgent inquiry is ordered into the power outage that closed Heathrow The airport's chief executive has defended the response I'm proud of what the people did to get us out of the situation. Don't forget the situation was not created at Heathrow Airport.

It was created outside the airport and we had to deal with the consequences. And

I still believe that one day the Taliban will allow schools and universities to reopen

and I will realise my dreams of becoming a heart surgeon. The girls of Afghanistan still denied education, clinging on to their dreams.
We begin in Turkey, where thousands of demonstrators have taken to the streets in cities across the country for the fourth day running following the arrest of Istanbul's mayor, Ekrem Imamoglu, who's now in court. He was arrested on Wednesday and detained on charges of corruption and aiding terrorist groups, allegations that he's dismissed as immoral and baseless.
It came days before he was due to be announced as a candidate for the

2028 presidential election. In a televised statement, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan condemned the protests.
They attempted to provoke our nation over this corruption operation. They have been doing everything they can for four days to disturb the peace of the nation and polarise our people.

From insulting anyone they encounter

to attacking our police officers who are only doing their jobs, from intimidating our members of the judiciary who are investing corruption reports to suppressing the national will with street terrorism, they have it all. They're trying every way to create an atmosphere of tension and chaos in our cities, especially in Istanbul.
Our correspondent Emily Wither is in Istanbul. The protests definitely appear to be building and they also appear to be becoming more violent with the police cracking down quite hard.
We were at a protest earlier outside the Istanbul municipality building, which is Imamoglu's office. His staff have been sleeping there since Wednesday because they don't want to leave the building empty in case the government tries to take it over.
Before the protests had even really begun, the air was thick with tear gas. And then later into the evening, pepper spray was used.
We also saw a very violent crackdown in Ankara, the capital, and also in the coastal city of Izmir, where police violently broke up demonstrations and fired water cannons at the crowd. Also in Istanbul, there is this court hearing that's happening now with Imamoglu, and there were supporters of Imamoglu that gathered outside the court court and they also clashed with police.
One thing I noticed this evening was that when these protests first broke out on Wednesday, it was mostly students on the streets. But tonight it really felt like a mix of ages.
And one thing that was interesting that all the protesters said to us is that they weren't necessarily on the streets because they support the opposition party, the CHP that Ememoli belongs to, but that they were on the streets because they were fighting for the country's democracy, for the future of Turkey. And because of this, what they say is injustice happening right now.
And clearly the protests have been building up as the week has gone along. Yes, that's right.
And I think we could really see the protests grow in the coming days, depending on what the decision this evening will be. Ekrem Imomolu is currently being questioned in a courthouse here in the city alongside 90 other opposition figures.
The questioning before the judge is clearly going late into the night and everybody is waiting to hear what that decision will be. Will Imamoglu be

charged or will he be released? The feeling on the street is that he will be charged and that will of course ramp up anger because many people, not just the opposition, not just Human Rights Watch, but people on the streets too, say that this is a coup. President Erdogan has condemned the protests.
How worried do you

think he is? President Erdogan wrote on social media this evening, yet again dismissing the protests and saying that justice and politics should not be decided on the streets. He dismissed people on the streets as engaging in street terrorism, and he has vowed that there will be a harsh crackdown on anyone going out to protest.
I don't think Erdogan will be too concerned at the moment because we are talking tens of thousands. We're not talking hundreds of thousands.
There have been hundreds of opposition mayors in other towns and cities that have been detained, business leaders, journalists, but Erdogan is likely gambling that there also won't be too much international pressure, depending on what happens. Emily Wither.
Pope Francis will be discharged from hospital on Sunday after five weeks of treatment. He's been suffering from a severe respiratory infection.
The chief surgeon at Gemelli Hospital is Dr Sergio Alfieri. The Holy Father will be discharged tomorrow, as we said before, in a stable clinical condition with a prescription to partially continue drug therapy and convalescence and rest period at least two months.
Our correspondent Bethany Bell, who's in Rome, gave us this update. The Pope has been showing improvements over recent days.
The Vatican bulletins have shown an improvement in his stability of his health. And today, the doctors who've been treating him at the Gemelli Hospital in Rome said that the Pope was now able to be discharged.
They said that he had had very serious crises during the time he was in hospital to what they call life-threatening episodes, but that he'd never been intubated and he'd always remained alert and oriented. Now they say he's in a stable clinical condition.
He'll be allowed to go home, but he needs to have two months at least, they say, of convalescence and with drug therapy and rest so that he can improve and start work again. So what will his schedule be like in the coming months because of that? They haven't offered any detail about what his schedule might be.
At the moment, they say the very important thing is for him to continue his therapy, his physiotherapy, his drug therapy and this convalescent period. But they say that before he leaves hospital, he will appear from his window from the papal apartment in the Gemelli Hospital

and offer a blessing there. And that will be the first time he'll appear in public since he was admitted to hospital, which happened on February the 14th.
And then he'll return to his residence at the Vatican. Apart from a photograph that was released last week, and a voice message by the Pope.
He hasn't been seen at all since he was taken into hospital so it's expected that the faithful will gather below his window to receive that blessing. Bethany Bell.
Here an urgent investigation has been ordered into the power failure triggered by a fire which led to the closure of London's Heathrow Airport for much of Friday. The British government said that lessons must be learned after hundreds of thousands of people's travel plans were disrupted.
More from our business correspondent, Mark Ashton. Questions continue to circle around the resilience of Europe's busiest airport, taken out of action for 18 hours by a fire at one electrical substation.

Heathrow's chief executive, Thomas Waldby, said planes could have taken off and landed yesterday,

but it was not safe to do so without backup power to critical infrastructure,

such as runway lights, fuel systems and air bridges.

He defended the way the crisis had been handled.

I'm proud of what the people did to get us out of the situation. Don't forget the situation was not created at Heathrow Airport.
It was created outside the airport and we had to deal with the consequences. Of course we look at what we can do better.
There's no discussion about that. I'm sure there will be questions.
But I don't know of an airport that has backup supply that can switch on in minutes to the magnitude of what we experienced yesterday. The same would happen in other airports.
Schiphol Airport in Amsterdam has invested heavily in alternative energy supplies to act as a contingency to deal with power outages. With Heathrow recently announcing a multi-billion pound expansion plan, there are calls for it too to prioritise alternative measures to ensure its infrastructure remains robust.
With vital freight goods left in limbo for a day, business leaders say there had been a financial and reputational impact. One described the UK as a laughing stock.
The Government Commission investigation, to include the regulator Ofgem, will look at the full circumstances surrounding the shutdown and consider how the network could be improved.

Mark Ashdown.

State media in Lebanon has said that Israeli airstrikes have killed at least eight people.

According to the country's health ministry, six of them died in southern Lebanon.

One was a child.

Israel said that its targets were rocket launch sites belonging to the Iranian-backed group Hezbollah.

Israel also said that it was responding to rockets fired over the border by Hezbollah, which denies this and insists that it's committed to November's ceasefire. Earlier, I got the latest from our correspondent in Beirut, Hugo Bechega.
It's just after quarter past eight o'clock at night here. And just moments ago, we had confirmation from the Israeli military that a second wave of Israeli airstrikes were being carried out across Lebanon.
There's been footage posted online of destruction in Tyre, which is the largest Lebanese city in the south of the country. There have been reports on Israeli radio saying that only today the Israeli military attacked 50 targets across Lebanon in response to those rockets that were fired from Lebanese territory into Israel.
So this is the worst violence since the ceasefire came into effect here in November, the ceasefire between Israel and Hezbollah. And I think we're saying that Hezbollah is denying any kind of involvement in the attack.
A number of armed groups operate in Lebanon, especially in southern Lebanon. No one has claimed responsibility for the attack.
But I think this is another demonstration of the challenges that the Lebanese authorities are facing in trying to control those areas in the south, where for decades militants, armed groups, including Hezbollah, have operated. And I think it is also very interesting that the attack that happened today from Lebanon happens just days since the Israeli military renewed its offensive in Gaza.
So what we saw here today could be a reaction to that. But again, a huge wave of Israeli attacks and I think a lot of destruction across the country after months of relative quiet.
And are there fears of a total breakdown of the ceasefire between Israel and Lebanon now? This has been a very fragile truce and Hezbollah hasn't reacted to these Israeli attacks that have been happening almost every day. Since the implementation of the ceasefire, the Israeli military has attacked positions, people, it says, are related to Hezbollah.
It says that these attacks are trying to prevent Hezbollah from regrouping and rearming. The Israeli military also continues to occupy five positions in southern

Lebanon and the Lebanese authorities say that these are breaches of the deal that was signed with Israel. So it really shows that despite the ceasefire, violence has continued here.
Hugo Bechega. Schools reopened in Afghanistan on Saturday and for the fourth school year running, girls will be unable to attend.

In 2021, the Taliban seized power in Afghanistan and banned girls aged 12 and over from going to school. However, they are permitted to attend madrasas, educational centres focused on religion.
Critics argue madrasas do not replace mainstream schools and that girls are being pushed

towards a hardline interpretation of Islam. Maju Benarazi from the BBC Afghan service gained rare access to madrassas in Kabul and sent this report.
I was sick and a female doctor operated on me.

She inspired me.

I wanted to and a female doctor operated on me. She inspired me.
I wanted to be a doctor and save people's lives like her. Amina's hopes of becoming a doctor were halted when the Taliban government banned girls aged 12 and above from going to school.
When my dad told me that schools were closed, I was in year nine. I felt really bad.
All my dreams of becoming a doctor were shattered. I met Amina in a cold, dimly lit basement in Kabul.
Teenage girls huddled together, reading books and sewing together material with a yellow and red flower pattern.

Once finished, it will be a dress. They are students, not at mainstream school, but at a madrasa, an educational centre offering mainly a religious education.
Since the Taliban banned schools for girls,

some have expanded the teaching of subjects like languages and science.

While schools remain closed,

madrasas are the only option available to girls over the age of 12.

Before the Taliban returned,

the number of registered madrasas is believed to

have been around 5,000. The Taliban say there are now more than 21,000.
There is fear among critics that limiting education and focusing on religion is pushing a hotline agenda. I wanted to visit another madrasa to get more of a sense of what is being taught in the classes they offer.
At a madrasa in the centre of Kabul, I met 13-year-old Taqwa, who told me about her studies. Religious topics are my favourite.
I like learning about what kind of hijab a woman should wear, how she should treat her family, how to treat her brother and husband well, and never be rude to them. I want to become a religious missionary and share my faith with people around the world.
The focus on religion seemed much stronger here. When I asked about what other subjects were taught, the teacher showed me a handful of tattered maths and science textbooks.
While they do offer opportunities to learn and socialise, one of the teachers in Amina's madrasa is adamant that they are not enough. Madrasas can never replace traditional schools and universities.
They are 100% necessary for us. If schools are not open, knowledge will die.
Despite the closures of school, girls in Afghanistan remain hopeful and determined to learn in any setting they can. Majubin Arazi.
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President Trump's special envoy has described the British Prime Minister's plan for an international force to support a ceasefire in Ukraine as a posture and a pose. Steve Witkoff also repeated Russian claims that Ukraine was a false country and territories occupied by Russia were rightfully theirs.
He was speaking to the pro-Trump podcaster Tucker Carlson. From Kiev, here's our diplomatic correspondent James Landale.
Steve Witkoff is a property billionaire charged by Donald Trump to end a war that's left hundreds of thousands dead. Ten days ago, he spent several hours with Vladimir Putin.
And yet in his interview, Mr. Witkoff revealed himself ignorant of basic facts and willing to repeat false Russian narratives.
He was unable to recall the names of the four Ukrainian regions partially occupied by Russia. But he nonetheless said their status was the elephant in the room.
He said Russia regarded these regions and annexed Crimea as rightfully theirs. He said the key question was whether the world would acknowledge they were Russian territories.
He said Russia considered Ukraine to be a false country, and this was the root cause of the war.

This has long been President Putin's excuse for his unprovoked invasion. In what was an extraordinary interview, Mr.
Witkoff said Mr. Putin told him he'd prayed for Mr.
Trump after the attempt on his life last year. He went to his local church and met with his priest and prayed for the president, not because he was the president of the United...
He could become the president of the United States, but because he had a friendship with him and he was praying for his friend. As for Sir Keir Starmer's plan to send British and other forces to Ukraine to guarantee its security after the war, Mr.
Witkoff said this was a posture and a pose based on a simplistic notion of European leaders wanting to be like Winston Churchill. Downing Street chose not to comment.
What may worry European diplomats most is that Mr Witkopf's remarks suggest the US still sees this war as a territorial dispute, not an attempt to end Ukraine's statehood. James Landale.
Amongst the frenzy of international diplomacy we're seeing on defence spending and aiding Ukraine, Europe's countries bordering Russia are the ones particularly feeling a sense of urgency and threat from Moscow. This week, Estonia, an EU and NATO member, announced it will spend 5% of GDP on defence as of next year.

Its parliament is expected to approve withdrawing from the 1997 Global Convention

against the use of anti-personnel mines,

in order, the country says, to give it more means and flexibility to defend itself.

Its government is also introducing a new law,

making it mandatory for all new apartment and office blocks to be built with bomb shelters. Our Europe editor Katja Adler reports from Estonia where she met people affected by the current geopolitical changes.
I'm in an underground car park and I was just about to get into a car belonging to our fabulous local producer, Larry, and go off to an interview. He lives in this apartment block.
And we were talking about new laws in Estonia to make it mandatory for buildings to offer underground shelters. When you told me, Larry, you have your very own bunker right here.
Can I have a look? Sure. Let's have a look.
My bunker slash storage unit. Let's switch on the light.
So it's bigger than the average one. For example, here I have water from the last crisis, which was a couple of weeks ago.
And it's sort of very solid-looking stone walls. I think we are a bit too late with that.
Finland already started.

They have a huge underground network of bunkers.

We don't have something, like nothing to compare.

But let's hope we can be fast and build those bunkers before anything happens.

I'm in the inner sanctum.

That's the tiny broadcast studio of Star FM. It's a commercial Russian-language radio station, and Julia Mango is one of the breakfast show hosts.
More than a third of Estonians are ethnic Russian, and after Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Estonia shut down Russian-speaking schools here. It said it wanted to stop parallel societies.
I'm sad that this is happening with us now. My childhood was in Russian surrounding.
I had Russian friends, Russian school, Russian teachers, and home languages was Russian. But I learned Estonian language in school.

For me in childhood was like, it's my world. And this is another world.
Do you feel like splits between your Russian identity and your Estonian identity? It's difficult for me, like identity, like something. I have Estonian friends.
We never spoke about this situation in the world, like

Russia and

Putin or like that. I don't want to speak about this because for me it's very personal.
So it's like religion. I say that every time because in our family we don't speak about that.
My colleagues here, they never speak about this. They know that I'm Russian and I have a Russian family and Russian parents.
But they didn't ask about that. And your heart was like, Russia, Putin is OK or not? I don't want to speak about that because it's pointless.
I've come to northeast Estonia now. And what you can hear is the wind-pummeled River Narva.
It's basically a dividing line with Russia. I can see the buildings on the other side, and there is a bridge in between, one of the last pedestrian border crossings to Russia still open in Europe.
My name is Arnold Waino. I'm at second-level border check on Narva BCP.
Narva border crossing point. And how long have you worked here? 23 years plus.
I mean, you must have seen it change a lot. We're just walking over the bridge between us here and Narva.
Until the middle. Until the middle.
We're not going to walk right here. You're not going to let us over into Russia.
It's not the best idea, I think. No.
Does Russia feel like a different neighbour now? In my opinion, they're not predictable. Does that worry you as a border guard? I'm all the time worried.
You're not scared, but you feel worried. Who's coming here? Are they OK? Are they not? Of course we are worried.
If you're not worried, you're not the smartest guy in here. That report by Katja Adler.

Artificial intelligence has been hailed as a solution to many of the backlogs faced by healthcare services.

But until now, it's often worked alongside human doctors.

A hospital in London is using AI to diagnose skin cancer with only an iPhone and a magnifying lens without requiring a doctor to double check the findings. The team claim that the tests are 99.9% accurate at ruling out the most serious types of skin cancer.
Dr Lucy Thomas, who's a consultant at the Teledermatology Service at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital in London, explained what happened during a consultation. When they come in, rather than see a doctor, they have an appointment in a photography hub and the photographer will actually capture some really high quality images but also use this smartphone with a special dermoscopic lens attachment that's placed on the skin to capture an image of the lesion and then that's immediately analysed by the AI and it's able to triage whether it thinks that this is a lesion that needs to have further assessment by a specialist or if it thinks it's completely harmless or benign then it can be discharged back to their GP with monitoring and other advice about skin cancer prevention.
It's early days in terms of using the technology autonomously, but we have been using it with a secondary dermatologist in place for the last two and a half years, which is why we've been able to build confidence around using the technology and that it works well for our patients. And we did some surveys around patient sentiment of the AI at that stage in the pathway and found that the majority of patients were very accepting of the technology and actually a lot of them would rather be seen and analysed by the AI than wait for several weeks to see a dermatologist in person.
It's actually assessed over 140,000 different NHS patients. It's been deployed at 22 different sites across the NHS and by doing that we know that we're able to gather really high quality evidence about how it's performing compared with dermatologists in that NHS pathway.
So we know it's accurate for the populations in which it's being utilised. Dr Lucy Thomas.
The boxing legend George Foreman has died at the age of 76. He won the world heavyweight title twice, first in 1973 knocking out Joe Frazier.
The following year Foreman lost the title to Muhammad Ali in arguably the most famous fight of all time the rumble in the jungle in what was then Zaire he talked about it in a BBC interview in 2016 it was like I was mugged in the jungle I went there with two title belts I came home with none it was really strange I thought I'd knock him out in one or two rounds, but about the third round I'd hit him and he fell on me. I thought, that's it.
And he started screaming, that's all you got, George. Show me something.
And I knew then I was in the wrong place at the wrong time. In later years, he had huge success marketing his George Foreman grill, which sold millions, thanks in part to his memorable catchphrase, the lean mean grilling machine.
But he'll be best remembered for his time in the ring. Joel Engel co-wrote George Foreman's autobiography by George.
He grew up in a part of Houston, Texas, known as Fifth Ward, which is the slummiest slum you've ever heard of. And he was always angry.
He wasn't sure why he was always angry, but he got in a lot of fights. His five older brothers and sisters used to call him Mohed.
He didn't know why they did. He just knew he didn't like it.
And he was much bigger than they were. And he looked like he came from a different family, actually.
And he did poorly in school. And he got involved in something called the Job Corps, which took young people like him when he was a teenager.
And they put them in a place where they might be able to learn useful life skills. And it was from that when he was in Oregon, they sent him to Oregon to do that, where he first was involved in boxing.
Now, I don't mean street fighting because he did a lot of that. He was the town bully or the neighborhood bully.
But he learned boxing from that. And from there, he went to Golden Gloves.
And and from there he went to the Olympics. He once said the reason that Muhammad Ali had the neurological problems that he had was because his head wasn't made for getting hit.
My head, he said, was made for getting hit. He could really take a punch, but he was insanely strong.
strong if've ever seen the video of his fight when he won the heavyweight championship against Joe Frazier, who was considered pretty much unbeatable, he lifted him off the campus a couple times with blows to the midsection. He was incredibly strong and a large man.
Joel Engel, paying tribute to the legendary

George Foreman, who's died at the age of 76. Before we go, we have another Q&A with our

colleagues from UkraineCast coming up soon. And we'd like your questions to put to the team.

Our email address is globalpodcast at bbc.co.uk. And if possible, please record your question as a voice note.
Thank you. And that's all from us for now, but there'll be a new edition of the Global News podcast later.
If you want to comment on this podcast or the topics covered in it, you can send us an email. The address is globalpodcast at bbc.co.uk.

You can also find us on X at BBC World Service.

Use the hashtag Global News Pod.

This edition was mixed by Philip Bull

and the producer was Stephanie Tillotson.

The editor is Karen Martin.

I'm Bernadette Keough.

Until next time goodbye Just this overall sense of community, of values that Minnesotans have.

It's a real accepting, loving community, especially with two young kids.

See what makes Minnesota the star of the north.

New residents share why they love calling it home at exploreminnesota.com slash live.