Lose Lose

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On with the show. Okay.
So you don't know what we're talking about, right?

Or you do know what we're talking about.

We're doing Lose Lose, right?

Right. We're going to play an episode from a few years back called Lose Lose.

It's an Olympic story, which we're playing now because the Summer Olympics are starting very soon.

But before we play that episode, I have a related thing that I'm very excited to tell you about.

Oh, you're going to the Olympics? I'm not going to the Olympics, but I just I love the Olympics. I don't know if you know this about me.
I don't know that about you. I really love the Olympics.
And like a few years ago, I got really fixated on the medals. Like, why gold, silver, bronze? Why are there three of them? It just seems like kind of a random, like, I don't know.
Like, this way and how did it become this way i'm such a i didn't even think to question it i was just like gold is more expensive than silver than bronze well so okay so this is interesting right okay so let's so first rewind all the way back to the ancient olympics right let's say you win there's one winner per event there's not three winners there's one winner per event. And they get a wreath of olive, like of olive leaves.
They get like an olive branch, right? No medal. No medal? No medals.
Zero medals in ancient Olympics. But like also when you think about it, like it's Greece.
Olive trees are everywhere. Like this is- Not a good present.
This is the lamest prize. It's not a good award.
Like, imagine if you spend your whole life working up to the Olympics, you win the Olympics, and they give you, like, it's like, congratulations, you won water polo, here's a pine cone. Like, that's what it's like, right? It's so weird.
Well, but they wove it, and you get to wear, it's a little, you know, there's a little bit of care. They did take the olive branches from special trees that were near like Mount Olympus.
Like it was like they were special olive branches. But still, like it still feels like you're like, come on.
It's imbued with meaning, but not actual value. Right.
That's right. OK.
Okay. Okay.
So now fast forward to the modern Olympics, right? Okay. 1896, right? They're doing the modern Olympics in Athens.
Yeah. They're rebooting it.
They decide to have medals, but listen to how they did it. Okay.
First place, silver medal. Oh.
Second place, bronze medal. Huh.
Third place, nothing. You don't get anything for third place.
So gold isn't even a part of the deal. Was gold too expensive then? Gold was, it felt too vulgar.
Like people felt like it's, if you're doing it for gold, you're doing it for money. Like it should be more symbolic.
Wow. Okay.
And like today it would be like, we don't need a diamond medal. That's absurd.
Yeah, that's right. That's right.
Like, that's right. Okay.
That's right. Huh.
And so first of all, everyone was like, okay, this Olympics, oh, this was so great. Like, uh, this went so well, like we rebooted this ancient thing.
Yeah. And they're like, okay, great.
Let's do it again in four years. And everyone just assumed that it would be in Athens.
Okay. But then the guy who's sort of in charge of it, Pierre de Coubertin, he was like, no, let's do it in Paris.
And everyone's like, why would we do it in Paris? Right? And then there was kind of a big fight. So did he prevail? So he prevailed.
So it was in Paris. But partly because the debate over where it should take place took so long, but partly for other reasons.
The 1900 Olympics in Paris is one of, if not the worst Olympics in history. It was a chaotic disaster of an Olympics.
It was notoriously mismanaged. It was like, okay, just chaos.
So but and one of the things they did, because it was so poorly planned was they were like, Okay, you know what? We don't know about the medals or whatever, like every sport just fend for yourself, like figure out what your own prizes are. And so, so you just read the list of like, what people won that year.
Oh, wow. And it's so funny.
There was a lot of, in general, there was a lot of like porcelain. There was just like a lot of like paintings and really tacky art.
One Australian runner won several prizes. These are the prizes.
A small clock, a lady's purse, and a silver letter opener.

This one guy, he was an American pole vaulter,

and his prize was an umbrella.

That's so bad.

Oh, man, that's so sad.

And you just picture him walking away into the sunset

with his little umbrella. Wow.
Okay. So that's one of my favorite Olympics stories.
And then actually the next year, 1904, was also chaos. But at least by that time, they had figured out, they'd sort of standardized the medals as we know them today.
Oh, okay. So by then it's gold, silver, bronze.
Then it was gold, silver, bronze. And my feeling was like, it was like by then, it was like after all the tacky art and stuff, they were like, okay, gold doesn't seem so ridiculous anymore.
No more umbrellas, no more parapluies. Okay, so that was a story from an Olympics in Paris 124 years ago.
Mm-hmm. But now the Olympics is a well-oiled machine to the degree that, you know, there's there's very little chaos.
It's all very, very, very perfectly planned in advance. But there was one recent Olympics where a bit of chaos did emerge.
And that little bit of chaos, it felt like a sort of a glitch in the matrix that made you made made all of us, made the whole world kind of ask like, wait a second, what are we doing here again? And what is the point of sport? What is fair? What is within the rules? And what are you actually allowed to do in the service of winning? Yeah, and it's a great story. You reported it.
This is a rerun from a while back. Do we just kick it over, bounce it over, hit it, swat it over to you and the old man of yore,

Robert Kralwich?

Let's serve it up.

Okay.

Wait, you're listening.

Okay.

All right.

Okay.

All right.

You're listening to Radiolab.

From WNYC.

See? Rewind. Hi, I'm Robert Krolwicz.
And I'm Latif Nasser. This is Radiolab, and today we're going to do something completely upside down.
And inside out. Yes.
It's a sports story. Sort of, but like none you've ever heard, and therefore we found a reporter who is a sports reporter like none you've ever heard.
Yeah. I've been to a gym lately.
Mike Peska. He's the host of the GIST podcast, formerly of NPR, and now he's here telling the story to us.
Yeah. And how did you even first hear about this? Were you covering it? Oh, yeah.
Yeah. So...
This is Morning Edition from NPR News. I'm Renee Montaigne.
I was covering the 2012 Olympics for NPR. Good morning.
Hello. And I declare open the Games of London.
The stories of the Olympics. You try to find your own stories that are obscure.
But if there's a big story, you chase it. So in those Olympics.
So for you, what were the most notable achievements in the first week of the Games? Well, it's history of the best kind. Michael Phelps breaking the all-time record, obviously.
So in over 100 years, nobody's won as many medals at the Olympic Games. And everyone knew that...
Oh, no way. A bolt...
Here comes Yusuke Bolt! And his record-setting quest in the 100 would be huge. Oh, he'sinton story pops up and everyone rushes to figure out what the heck's going on with badminton because the 2012 london olympics bad tournament, just, it took this somewhat obscure sport and it morphed it into this bizarro thought experiment about competition and integrity and what it means to win.
Okay. But mostly, I think that the player...
Although, to be fair, Mike, he jumped on this story for very personal reasons. As a New Yorker, I say a lot of words and they're mispronounced and the NPR audience would jump on them.
But I always can say the N in badminton and get a lot of plaudits. So I'm attracted to badminton.
What's the wrong way to say badminton? Most people say badminton. Badminton.
Like you're talking to some handswear at wintertime. Like you're chastising a playful cat.
Badminton. Badminton.
I see. And then also, you know, you and I probably think of badminton as this backyard, fun, silly game.
But according to Mike, this is anything but. It has nothing to do with the badminton you play in your backyard.
It's much faster than you think it would possibly look. You get these players flying all over the court, stretching, reaching, diving.
The skill of the competitors is, you know, readily apparent. This is pulsating badminton.
A shuttlecock is a funny thing and perhaps not as impressive a thing as a tennis ball but it looks you know a lot like tennis and there's a lot of tension severe pressure and there's a lot of grunting and it totally seems like every bit of a legitimate and highly skilled sport.

Wait, I'm going to start.

Okay, so Robert, you haven't seen this yet, but I would like to show you something.

Okay, this is an ad.

Yeah, this, okay, this is the game that is at the center of this whole story. Women's doubles group A.
Women's doubles badminton. It is not a medal round.
It's in the group play stage. There's a huge crowd here.
Like, the place is packed. Please welcome, representing the People's Republic of China, Wang Xiaoli and Yu Yang.
So these two teams come out. You got China.
Yellow and red uniforms, yellow shoes. So here come.
Versus Korea. Purple and white.
Yeah. And let's just skip ahead here.
All right. so here we go.
Game on.

This is the first serve.

Korean serve.

So the Korean player flicks her wrist.

The shuttlecock goes over the net.

China returns.

Right into the net.

That was it.

That was the whole thing.

No, that was just a... All right.

So Korea, second serve.

And Chinese return. And same thing happened.
And the net again. Yeah.
So, the service is turned over. Now, the Chinese are serving.
Okay. China, Korea, China.
Into the net again. Yeah.
This is not exactly scintillating. I just got to tell you.
Okay, well, just watch this next point. So the Korean player serves it.
Yeah. It sails over the net, and then it goes, goes, goes, goes, goes, and the Chinese player clearly is right there.
She has it. She then winds up just a slight bit.
Like, you can see it's like she has this deep ingrained muscle memory from years of doing this. She winds up, she's about to hit it, and then she stops.
And the shuttlecock just plunks onto the floor, inbounds, point to Korea. And then tellingly, she looks back at the back corner of the court where her coach is sitting.
are. Yeah.
This is a fix. They're fixing this.
Like, this is... Yes, but...
There have been plenty of occasions where one side wants to lose, and it ain't hard to lose, and the more important thing is it ain't hard to get away with it. Usually, you wouldn't even notice it.
You know, it's the difference between a couple serves over the line, a couple balls into the net. But in this case, as the match goes on, you start to realize that Korean players seem to be trying to lose too.
Yes, they've got to get into Raleigh, of course. Why would everybody be trying to lose? Both sides? Well, it's actually a strategy.

Because the way the tournament is laid out, both these teams are going to be moving on to the medal rounds. But whoever wins this game is going to have to play another Chinese team.

A really strong team.

I see.

And whoever loses is going to play a way easier Danish team.

So both teams are hoping to lose.

Yeah.

And it is the rare instance where you have both sides incentivized to lose

that you get something that should be scored by Spike Jonze.

It's a little bit of a prisoner's dilemma, right?

Either side could lose, but when both want to lose...

It becomes this surreal

waiting game. Right.

You know, who's going to crack first

and score a point? And so...

You've got the best players in the

world who just

start hitting the shuttlecock out of bounds.

They're surfing fault after fault.

Faulting on purpose and...

They're just hitting the ball straight in the net.

Hitting the shuttlecock into the net. I'm sorry, it's blindinglyingly obvious what's going on.
And you know. They're both trying to lose.
Sometimes they hit it below the net. And that is unforgivable.
They're hitting it straight into the ground. All but tripping over their own shoelaces purposefully.
And so what you get is. Serve up all into the net.
Point after point of just terrible badminton, and it just devolves into this absurd, repetitive, crazy-making lose-a-thon. This is an absolute disgrace.
It's so obviously lame. I mean, this is not sport.
But it is kind of a sport because, and this is why I really love it. At a certain point, these two teams have to start competing with each other to lose.
What? Let me play you this point. So China serves it.
Korea hits it back, but it's going way out of bounds. Now, in a normal world, China would obviously let that fall so that they could take the point, but they lunge to save it, right? And they're hitting it back.
Now, Korea then, they are like, no, no, no, you know what? We're pretty sure we want it out of bounds. They hit it in the opposite direction, even further out of bounds.
So now China goes to save it once again, but they don't get there in time. So the point goes to China, which China actually didn't want, and the Koreans wanted the whole time.

So what are you saying then?

Well, it's like they invented a whole new sport, which is the exact opposite of badminton.

It is photo-negative badminton.

But then, towards the end of the first set...

Tournament referee has been pulled short. Out comes the referee.
Torsten Berg was the head Olympic badminton referee who got that call. And I also heard the spectators boo, so I went to watch.
It looked pretty awful. This was not together.
And told them that they were not playing seriously. And they were making a very serious mistake.
And they played stupid and said, no, we're playing. We're trying our best.
We were actually able to get in touch with three of the four players in that match.

Both Korean players,

and also one of the Chinese players.

And Wang Xiaoli told me they were trying to lose in that match.

But what we didn't expect, South Korea would do the same thing. And as for the Koreans, Jung Kyung Eun said that they too were trying to lose, at least during certain moments in the game.
But when the crowd started to boo, and the ref came out, her partner Kim Hana said that they were just scared. So Torsten walks off the court.
They went on court again. And then the second serve after Torsten walks off the court, nothing but net.
So for the next few points, it does not get much better. No, it didn't look like world-class bench in a tour.
So the set comes to an end. Korea wins the set.
And while the players are waiting on the sidelines, Torsten comes back onto the court. He walks up to the players and he pulls out of his pocket, almost subtly, and shows to the players this black card.
The black card, which means disqualification. This is absolutely extraordinary.
He has given both teams a black card or has he threatened them with a black card? I'm really not terribly sure. The players have returned to court.
It was now that they should play or they would be in deep... Sorry, maybe I shouldn't say that.
The black card says that pretty clearly. The black card was out, and I told them in very clear words and very seriously that in order to help themselves, they better play now.
The Korean player Jung Kyung Eun said that she turned to her partner. And I told her, they're them, and we are we, so, so...
Let's just play and do our best. The second set starts and pretty quick.
China's Wang Xiaoli told me. Both sides changed a little bit.
Instead of just serving into the net, things start to get better. A rally.
They would get the rally going. But then, as the points kept coming, you started to notice, like...
They were playing very slowly. There's something still really off here.
They were not hitting the ball very hard. Now, the Korean team wouldn't admit this, but Wang Xiaoli said that both teams...
Didn't change the basic fact. ...were still trying to lose.
Which, I have to say, is exactly what it looks like when you watch it. Because for the rest of the match you get a bunch of these points where just they'll lob it super high.
You know, as if to say hey, smash it down on us, take your point. Or they will hit it out of bounds and then facem.
Just practice their swing after they missed one

just to say, oh, my mechanics are off.

I just got to just practice this a few more times.

Because it's like we've entered a whole third iteration of this game

where it's like they're not just trying to lose,

they're trying to...

Cover up badminton.

Cover up badminton.

You're trying to lose,

but you're trying to look like you're trying to win.

I don't think they're seeing anybody here.

Thank you. loses the match by winning it.
Tonight has left me with a very nasty taste in the mouth. Tonight was not sport.
It was a disgrace. Good night.
So all four players walked off the court, and Kim Ha Na told me that her not a pleasant winning at all. that her parents were in the audience that day.

And afterwards, they asked her, what happened?

What happened, and why do you have to get the booze from the audiences, etc.?

And I was sad and felt defeated, so I didn't even want to talk to my mom.

So I remember I just went to the hotel and had rest. And the next morning at 8 o'clock, all four pairs, in fact, were disqualified according to the disciplinary regulations of the Battington World Federation.
Which has a rule on the books that you can be disqualified for failing to use your best efforts. And the same evening they were on the plane home.
They were just thrown out of the Olympics. A scandal at the Olympics.
This whole to-do about the badminton players. Everyone was talking about some losers.
Shuttlecocks were going out. Tippy-tapping the shuttle cock into the net.
Like a five-year-old in the backyard picnic.

It was downright humiliating.

It was just sad that they were committing suicide in that tournament.

At that time, the punishment hit me quite hard.

I was very sad and I felt helpless. I was perplexed and didn't know what happened.
We just cried. This doesn't sound like it's getting any better.
No, but there's still more after the break. Okay.
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I'm Robert Krolwich. And I'm Latif Nasser.
This is Radiolab. And when we left off, the Korean and Chinese women's badminton teams had just been disqualified, kicked out of the Olympics.
So then what happened to the players like Ru? What happened to them? Well, all four of them did keep playing badminton professionally after this. Jung Kyung Eun from Korea even went on to win the bronze in Rio.
But at the time, this was a brutal punishment for all of them. Well, but, you know, they did something wrong.
This wasn't right, right? You know, I don't even, I question whether it's even unethical. I think it's ethical in a way what they did.
What the players did? I do. I think it's ethical.
How so? Okay. So is the definition of ethics in sports to win? Sure.
Without cheating. Yes.
Does that mean to win every point? No, not necessarily. In baseball, there's the thing called the intentional walk.
In football, a team will take a safety instead of punting and letting the other team score a touchdown. So this is a calculation where a point here or there is not as important as the whole, and the whole is the game.
So, okay, let's move back. Let's pan out a little more.
I think an individual game is often lost. Look, we're not going to put our good starter here.
We're going to manage the lineup because the goal is to win the championship. And the thing to remember about these players is if what we want is players who are hyper competitive and actually want to win at all costs, that's exactly why they were losing so badly because they wanted to win the overall championship at all costs.
And the badminton federation had a set of rules that all but guaranteed that this would happen. Well, yeah.
I mean, it's stupid to have an event where people are trying to lose if that event is a sporting event. Especially at the apex of, you know, the only time people care about badminton.
It seems really dumb. So this is Chuck Klosterman.
Klosterman. We called him in because he writes a lot about sports and also because he wrote the ethicist column for the New York Times magazine.
Now, is this some kind of tragedy? Well, it's not. I guess unless badminton is really important to you, then it probably is.
In this case, I think the thing that people got really upset about is this idea of the Olympic ideal. In the name of all the competitors, I promise that we shall take part in the Olympic Games.
The athlete's oath. In the true spirit of sportsmanship, for the glory of the sport and the honor of our teams.
To transcend in the way that as a superb athlete, you're transcending your humanity, but then also as like this representative of your country.

And I think it did poke a lot of people.

Like a lot of people did seemingly get kind of upset about it.

Well, yeah.

I mean, for some reason, it is disturbing to see athletes failing on purpose.

That just it seems to kind of like tap into some.

It feels immoral somehow. Tonight has left me I don't know if not trying in a sporting event is a moral question, but it feels that way when you see it happen.
Here again, one of the interesting things about sports is that we watch these adults playing multi-million dollar games, but they're the same games that like a six-year-old or seven-year-old plays. So when you have a seven-year-old kid, you would say, it doesn't matter if you win or lose.
It doesn't matter what happens. Just play hard.
You don't have to succeed. It's the trying that matters.
So when you see people at the highest level not trying, it sort of wrecks the entire idea of why we play sports at all. You know, why if you're at a playground and two kids race across the playground to see who can get to the swing faster or whatever, that's like a biological thing.
Maybe we are biologically driven to compete. So that's the baseline expectation of what we have of these badminton players, that they will try to compete.
But it seems to me there's an opportunity here for true athleticism in a kind of topsy-turvy way. Flip it and reverse it.
Flip it and reverse it and see if you can do that as well as you do the other one. I mean, sports only work one way, though.
They don't work both ways. I mean, it would be like going to your wife and saying like, okay, you say you really love me, prove it by hating me in a creative way.
Or to go to a great piano player and say like, if you're so awesome at playing piano, bang your fist against the keys in a way that I will be, you know, I will be sickened by it. But if we take it out of matters of the heart and put it back on the field, what would be the most radical solution that you could imagine if your desire was to convincingly and astonishingly athletically lose the fight? I suppose if they were both trying to do it in the most convincing way, it would be.
That was not really the case here. Well, I guess they never confronted it.
How do you lose on purpose if the other side's also trying to lose on purpose? And I'm trying to think. There are some sports.
So in football, let's say, in American football, let's say both sides wanted to lose. Well, here's how the sport would go.
You can't make the other team score, but you can score a safety on yourself. So the quarterback would get the ball and start running towards his own end zone.
And then there would be a jailbreak by the defense to tackle the quarterback before he got to the zone end zone. Baseball is hard.
You could hit the batter. That would be an interesting game.
What about darts? Instead of aiming at the dartboard, just turning around and aiming at your opponent or yourself. That's like the baseball strategy.
How about the sport of bodybuilding? Think about the implications of who would be the worst.

I would win that.

I would win that.

Would you?

I think I would win that.

I see like a Will Ferrell movie out of this.

Yes, that's what I'm thinking.

The loser.

We get to a point our team, all right, this is what we need.

You got to go out there and lose.

No, and then there's a loser on the other team who's also very good.

Yeah, and the two losers are eyeing each other down.

Yeah.

The losers.

Yeah, yeah, yeah.

And then it's can hear more of Mike Peska on his podcast, The Gist, more of Chuck Klosterman in his latest book, But What If We're Wrong? Big thanks to all the players who talked to us and to those who helped us get those interviews. Joy Lele, Mikyung Kim, Yuni Kartika.
Thanks to Aparna Nancharla, who came in and helped us puzzle this whole match out. And in addition, a special thanks to Gracia Pauly.
Gracia was on the Indonesian badminton team in those same Olympics. And an hour after the match we featured, she faced off against a different Korean team.
All four players in that match were also disqualified for not using their best efforts to win. She really helped us understand what it was like to be in that situation.
This story was produced by Matt Kilty and Annie McKeown and Latif Nasser. I am Robert Krillwich.
And I'm Latif Nasser. And I guess that ends the game at this point.
Hi, I'm Rhiann and I'm from Donegal in Ireland. And here at the staff credits, Radiolab was created by Jad Abumrad and is edited by Soreen Wheeler.
Lulu Miller and Latif Nasser are our co-hosts.

Drin Keef is our Director of Sound Design.

Our staff includes Guilty, Annie McEwan, Alex Neeson, Sarah Carey, Valentina Powers, Sarah Sandbach, Ariane Wack, Pat Walters, and Molly Webster. Our fact checkers are Diane Kelly, Emily Kruger, Natalie Middleton.
Here's an idea I have. There's an old riddle, and it goes like this.
A king talks to his two sons, two princes, and he says, here's what we're going to do. Get those horses out of the stable.
Here's what I want you to do. I want you to jump on your horses and ride to the city gate.
Whichever horse gets to the city gate last, you're going to inherit the fortune. Maybe he's a crazy king.
So the two princes look at each other. They both think, and then they jump on their horses, and they ride fast as they can.
Why? I don't know. To rein in their horses at the very last minute, jump off the horses and say, whoa, and then wait until the other one.
I don't know. Are they planning on just removing a section of the gate and then just smashing it up against the other horse? Yeah.
No. That's terrible.
No. Okay.
You like the answer? What is the answer? They jumped on each other's horse. They jumped on the other brother's horse.
Maybe. Wait, let me just think about that.
That was fun. That was great.
They jumped on the other's horse? Of course. She said whichever horse gets their last.
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