RHS 097 - Brian Keating On How to Think Big

In a crude laboratory in the basement of his home.

Hello everyone and welcome back to the show. Today we have a tremendous guest, Brian Keating.
Now, you may not have heard of Brian Keating before if you're not super geeky like I am, but I came across Brian Keating and his work on James Alster's podcast, who, as you know if you listen to the show all the time, we had James on a few episodes ago, and it was a tremendous conversation, and James is a tremendous guy, and I heard Brian on his show, and they're doing this series about the origin of the universe. You know, really, so Brian is the Chancellor's Distinguished Professor of Physics at the Center for Astrophysics and Space Science and the Department of Physics at the University of California of San Diego.
So Brian is completely legit. He wrote a book called Losing the Nobel Prize.
He has done all kinds of incredible work on the universe. He's a cosmologist.
I, he's, dude is smarter than probably all of us listening to this podcast together. Brian is that smart.
And I heard him and he's having these really awesome conversations, but it wasn't just about cosmology because you got to be into that stuff to listen to it. I mean, I'm into it.
I love it. But, you know, what I was really enamored by was the way that Brian formulates thoughts, thinks about things like truth.
And we go a lot of places in this episode. It's a very eclectic episode in terms of the topics that we address.
But Brian is just someone who I really wanted to put you guys, I wanted to put him into your ecosystem.

And if you're into this stuff, if you like the nerdy stuff, Brian is a great guy to follow because he's like a cool nerd, right? He's super interesting, super fun. He makes the topics digestible, but at the same time, at any given moment, he can drop down into the ones and zeros of cosmology.
And he also has a tremendous podcast. He also has a tremendous podcast called Into the Impossible, where he interviews like Nobel Prize winners and just people doing and thinking about things that will absolutely bend your brain.
So it is a great pleasure to bring another show kind of outside the industry to you because I think this stuff is really fun and it helps us, you know, and what's great about a lot

of these guests that aren't in the insurance industry is they try very hard to pull back

some of the concepts to what we do every day.

And I think that cross-pollination is important.

So I think you're going to like this one.

But before we get there, I want to give a big shout out to my man, Mick Hunt at Premier Strategy Box. Premier Strategy Box is a no-brainer solution.
I haven't had anyone who I've referred over to Mick, like, you know, like back channel, like on the DMs, text and Facebook messenger or whatever, who hasn't worked with him. What they're doing,

the producer training, the producer coaching, the producer managing, all the different things that they're doing at Premier Strategy Box are game changers for agencies because we all have strengths and weaknesses. I have, I would like to believe, a few tremendous strengths.
I also have an incredible number of weaknesses. And having someone like Mick and his team who can come in and not just be doers, but be managers, be people who are making sure that things are getting done and holding your team accountable and coaching them at the same time is invaluable.
And it's just a great honor. Mick's become a very good friend.

I've talked about him in the past and just honored that Mick wanted to be a sponsor of this show. And I always love when it's his turn in the rotation for the reads because I love giving shout outs to Premier Strategy Box.
So if you want to know more about Premier Strategy Box, go to well first catch up with mick on any of the socials and then go to my strategy box.com that's my strategy box.com my strategy box.com all right on to brian is this going to be video only or i mean yeah i only produce the audio okay That's fine, because I otherwise did put on a three-piece suit and tie.

Yeah.

But no, you look great either way, man, so don't worry.

Thank you, my friend.

Yes, yes. It's been tough with the COVID 90 pounds, but I'm doing my best.

So where are you?

Are you in LA?

No, I'm in upstate New York oh okay which part Albany

though just outside Albany but yeah okay I was born on uh in Long Island yep so uh yeah so I'm

I'm an intimately familiar New York and I lived uh I live more kind of in Westchester County after

that mostly which for me is downstate but for you Long Islander would be upstate exactly and

I don't know if I believe that. Yeah, it is funny when people, whenever I tell someone, you know, I'm from New York, they just immediately assume the city.
Yeah, exactly. And you're, because, you know, Long Islanders, you can hear the accents.
You're like, ah, maybe he's from Long Island, maybe. But as an upstate New Yorker, you know, I could be from anywhere.
I have like the most born. It's a different state.
It's basically, it's like a different state, different values, different everything. Everything is different.
Cool. So, yeah.
So, I got until 10 before the hour. Perfect.
Your time. And then I got to go pick up some of the kids.
No doubt. Yeah.
No doubt. And your friends with James, I don't know if I remember right.
Well, yeah. He, I just recorded.
His episode actually comes out on Thursday. I recorded with him last week um awesome yeah yeah so that was that was really cool and um you know so this this show just so you know this we do uh this is probably well i'm not this isn't going to sound humble though i it is what it is it's okay i am in a constant competition with a buddy of mine who has the biggest podcast in the insurance industry.
So we, you know, up and down some of the biggest carriers in the country, all the way down to, you know, single person retail insurance shops that just started up last week. We run the gambit of everyone in between there.
And we focus a lot on, you know, issues impacting our industry specifically, but I particularly like to bring in people from outside the industry because the cross-pollination of ideas is very important to me and in my own development. So I like to share that with the audience.
So I was, I became familiar with your work through James's show and then started listening to your podcast and then started listening to some of the other shows you've been on. And the group of people that you seem to hang with, your dark web buddies, are some of my favorite thinkers in the world today, I guess.
And I've just, I was, I guess, as a broad sweeping stroke, what I'm most interested in, I have a whole shit ton of random notes that I want to walk through, but our questions, I guess, topics. I really enjoy how you wrap your brain around a thought.

And in particular, that series of four episodes that you did with James, where you were talking through the origin of the Big Bang and the theories that made sense, the theories that didn't make sense, why they didn't, you know, all that kind of stuff. And by make sense, you know, I mean, varying degrees of where you both personally or the scientific community fell on them.
I was intrigued by some of these things. What, you know, this idea of which one is the truth and what does the truth mean and how do we get there and how do we examine it and I guess my first question for you in this very long and probably technically terrible first question um is what is it about you that you look at the world this way? Like not everyone does.
Very few people examine things or are willing to examine them from as many angles as you seem to be willing to do. Where does that come from? Well, you know, for me, I truly believe that if you don't examine the biggest questions, then you're kind of wasting this most precious gift that will soon be over.
Your job is to be an expert in minimizing risk and reducing rogue wave impacts and so forth. But my feeling is if I can have that insurance in place, literally, figuratively, et cetera, then I should take those risks.
In other words, if you just think about insuring your life or insuring against certain occupational hazards, for example, as I have to, if you only think about that, then you're not actually taking full advantage. You're sort of like wasting it.
It's not to say, you know, because I have car insurance, I drive recklessly, but I leave my house. You know, what's the safest your car? Leave it in the garage.
But obviously, that's not a really full life. And so for me, I want to answer all these questions because there's 100% chance there's nothing you or anyone else from you to Patrick Bet-David, who's been on my show as well.
He's probably a competitor of yours. I don't know.
I'm joking. But there's nothing you guys can do to prevent the ultimate destination.
We're all born to die. So we must make use of the time we have to live.
And to me, living is nothing if you don't ask questions with deep and passionate curiosity. And it sounds like you really resonate with that.
So I'm very appreciative of people who think the way that you do, because actually, it turns out, right, most of my colleagues don't think this way. Most of my colleagues see it as a job, unfortunately, and don't approach it with the passion, with the curiosity, with the intensity that lay people such as yourself or our mutual friend, James Altucher approach it.
Yeah, I agree with you. And I think that certainly that certainly transcends the academic or the scientific community.
You know, I think this many times. The people who listen to this show in particular, who continue to listen, ask bigger questions, not just about our space, but about our entire lives.
And the people that don't listen to this show are the people that show up every day. And it's just a thing that you do.
And, you know, really, you're kind of just waiting to be told what's the next, you know, what should I do today? Just someone tell me what to do, because God forbid, I got to crack into like the next percentage of consciousness in my brain. Like, you know, what if I had to turn on like 2% of my brain today? That would be awful, you know? And then I then then what if I made the wrong decision and people would judge me and then on down this spiraling path of, of awfulness that feels like it's, it's manifesting in its worst variety today in our in our society.
You know, but so so one of the things that I found, so okay, so I have a whole, this is going to be as random as a thing. Cause I've, I listened to, you know, in prepping and just getting involved in your content.
Like I said, I came into it. What was that about a month and a half ago, maybe three months ago.
I started last fall. That's right.
Yeah. And that really kind of like, so maybe four months ago, whatever that grabbed me.
And then that kind of got me into your space. And then, um, I, you know, I, I heard you in, I listened to your interview with Eric Weinstein, who I love.
I list, you know, um, uh, uh, you on Shapiro. And I have a couple of things from that here.
This is a random question about your interview with Shapiro. What, what was it like when he's in mid sentence speaking to you? And then all of a sudden he turns and does a promo, like right over your shoulder.
Are you like trying as hard as you can not to make faces at him? It's pretty funny because they don't know what the ads are. I don't know if you do this on your podcast.
I just started doing, you know, dynamic ad insertion. Well, they have fixed ads.
So they just, you know, they, somebody purchases ads, this is the Ben Shapiro, something special, which I was on about a year or so ago, a year and a half ago now. And, and then he doesn't know what the ad will be.
So he goes, but to hear the answer to that, you'll have to come back. And now a word from our, our sponsor.
And then it's like, and he just sits there and he goes rolling fake sponsor now. And he just, it's like, he doesn't know what the ad's going to be.
It could be for like, you know, erectile dysfunction, menopause products, or, you know, hair plugs or, or whatever he gets the big money for. I'm just getting, you know, simple, simple requests for, for, you know, kind of organic, organic coffee filters or something.
Yeah. And I shouldn't disparage it.
I'm actually, I'm actually going to be doing some ads for LinkedIn, if you can imagine that. So yeah.
Yeah. You know, these are in the middle, middle of the, of the episode.
People can fast forward if they don't like it. But the funny thing is like, you can't advertise for our competition.
I'm like, is there competition? You guys are worried about competing against. And exactly right.
But then I started thinking, look, you may wonder who does Brian Keating compete against? I'm an astrophysicist. I'm looking for cosmic origins.
I'm looking for the composition of the universe, the structure. Who could compete with me? But there are more people floating above your head right now on the International Space Station than there are cosmologists who have won the Nobel Prize in physics, which is the ultimate accolade in what I do.
There are more people in the NBA that even do the kind of astronomy that I do, broadly

speak. Nobel Prize in physics, which is the ultimate accolade in what I do.
There are more people in the NBA that even do the kind of astronomy that I do, broadly speaking, that are professors at research universities, as I am at the University of California, San Diego. So from that perspective, there is competition on all realms.
And it's kind of foolish to, you know, kind of maintain that we're all in this together. We're not all in this together.
Even in things like, you know, podcasting, you know, there's Ben Shapiro has a different audience, but every minute that your audience is listening to Ben Shapiro or me on the Into the Impossible podcast is a minute that, you know, unless they split their earbuds up, as I have, they can't listen to your podcast, right? And so, you know, from that perspective, life is a zero-sum game.

But what worries me is when people see science as a zero-sum game.

Science is actually not a zero-sum game.

There's competition in it.

But that's kind of a byproduct of what, you know, James and I have talked about, you know,

kind of the nature of finite games versus infinite games.

So finite game is usually like a zero-sum game where there's, you know, a winner and a loser. I guess you could tie in certain things like chess.
But on the same token, there are infinite games and science is an infinite game. You can't win science.
You can't win business. You can't win podcasting.
So these are all skills that I find very much in harmony with one another because you can't win them because the game

goes on forever.

You ever read a book?

I hope that, you know, you get a chance someday to read my book, losing the Nobel Prize.

And I hope that when people come to the end of it, you know, they kind of don't want it

to end.

I had that experience with many books in my life from Moby Dick to On the Road by Jack

Kerouac and other books like that that just I wish I didn't read them because then I could have the pleasure of reading them for the first time. I hope that's the case for this, but science is like always like that, right? It never ends.
There's no winning science. There's no ending science.
And so therefore I really love what I get to do. And it's kind of the most ambitious thing for me personally that I could do.
And I want to share that appreciation with others, because so many scientists keep their discoveries to themselves and hoard it. And I feel like that is not only, you know, kind of a dysfunctional way to behave.
I actually think it's immoral. And I could talk more about that if you want.
Yeah. So there's a few things in there.
It feels like it's it's not a, it's an infinite game or yeah,

an infinite game until, um, until someone figures out time travel and then they can just go back and take out all their competition and then they win, you know? So that's basically until that point. I've talked about that.
Some of my guests from, uh, I've had nine Nobel prize winners on my show. Uh, I've had a couple of aspiring Nobel prize winners.
One who even talked about the possibility of humans going into wormholes. This is a member of the Institute for Advanced Study.
Obviously, our mutual kind of mentor in some sense, Eric Weinstein, thinks about these things very deeply. He's due any day now to come out with his dropping of his publication on geometric unity, which he promised me on my show on New Year's Eve, he would release by April 1st, which is coming up soon.
I hope it wasn't a joke, but yeah, you're right. Time travel would be kind of the ultimate as I told James Altucher, when he was on my show, that's the ultimate in skipping the line.
You know, lines are one dimensional curves in space and time, but there's nothing that says you can't take the other dimension and go into another dimension, the second dimension, third dimension, fifth dimension, and bypass the line altogether. Yeah.
I, you know, I was a scientist until thermodynamics. And then I decided that I wasn't smart enough to be well, let me just put my priorities were not aligned enough to be a scientist.
I was, I was I said that I can't remember who I was talking to the other day about it and they were like you know what did you go to school for and I ended up getting a math degree but um the only reason I got that was I I got to a certain point I was like nope thermonimix is beyond me and I I can either chase chase women drink beers and I played baseball in college or I can continue on this science path that I'm on. And I can either chase women, drink beers, and I played baseball in college, or I can continue on this science path that I'm on.
And I chose the liberal arts version of that path. Let's just put it right.
So one of the things that I guess this, I would like to go back to your thought on the pursuit of big ideas, of big ideas are a worthy pursuit. And what I hear a lot is I feel like people often question whether they're worthy of approaching big ideas, right? I see it even in my own industry, which is, which is a relatively like, you a relatively benign example compared to the things that you're studying in terms of growing a business or selling someone something.
But we tend to minimize or question whether we're the ones that could attack that tack that big idea seem to, at least from what I've heard, either overcome that sensation or you never had it. Which is it? And maybe how could you help someone or what allows you to open yourself up to approaching those big ideas? Yeah, those are really good questions.
And, you know, I can't say that I've fully overcome them. I think that the only question that is a bad question is one you don't ask.
I think to have questions early is great in life when you're young and you're still young. And, you know, I do this with my kids.
I'm blessed to have children and I'm blessed to have graduate students and undergraduates and postdocs that work for me and with me. And I'm blessed to have mentors.
And those are the people that made me who I am. You know, I just talked to my Ph.D.
thesis advisor on my podcast last week for an episode I'll probably put out on Father's Day because he is kind of like a father to me. I mean, he's not that much older than me, but maybe he's like a young, cool uncle.
This is Professor Peter Kimby of the University of Wisconsin. And Peter was my mentor in graduate school and got my PhD with him.
And I look at him like a father. Last year, I had on Jim Simons, who is the world's smartest billionaire and the top 20 wealthiest people in America and a scientist of great renown and a philanthropist of amazing accomplishment.
And I had him on my podcast on Father's Day because he's also been a mentor to me, a father figure. You know, so here's a billionaire on one side and then here's a public university school teacher.
You know, couldn't be more different in many ways. One comes from a Judeo, you know, background like I do.
One my my column my my mentor and it just goes to show that there is a meaning in the word scientist in the russian language it and i i know you know russian fluently right so i'm not gonna i'm not gonna you know i'm not gonna uh say that this is news to you but the word uh scientist in russian means someone who was taught it means a person probably a man who was taught uh but that doesn't matter. I've got, you know, half my students are women and half my mentors are women.
So the point is you have to be taught to be a scientist. That means if you want to be a scientist, you have to teach.
So obviously you go, you, you started a point where you know, nothing compared to your teacher and you hopefully move up the ladder. And that's part of, you know, James's philosophy that I really resonate with is that you need someone who's above you in terms of intellect or where you want to go in your career, or it could be in your hobby of chess in, uh, in podcasting.
I'm looking for mentors. These are people, you know, don't even have bachelor's degrees and I'm learning from them about how to, how to grow my YouTube channel, how to grow my, and I feel like it is a game and it's an infinite game too.
And then you need somebody who's your equal, someone that you can kind of sharpen each other's minds with. And then

someone who's, who's at a level, you know, underneath you in the, in the figurative sense

that you can teach because only through teaching, do you become a scientist? You become a, a, a

conveyor of this wonderful, awesome branch of knowledge that we call the scientific tradition. So from all those perspectives, I do believe that I have to be humble, but I am a good teacher because I was a good student.
My motto of my YouTube channel is I'm creating the university that you wish you went to that has no tuition, that you can go to school in your pajamas and you get graded on a curve. So from my perspective, what I really want to do is bring together this multiverse of minds and assemble.
Now, thanks to technology, we can do it. There's no excuse not to do it.
And so I'm trying to do it. Do you feel like your openness and candor to these ideas on a platform like YouTube is inspiring others? And I know there are others, but is helping to inspire and build more nodes in the sharing of these concepts and ideas and break down some of the barriers in the scientific and academic space where people hoard information? Do you see that? Absolutely.
Yeah. No.
And it's not just because of me. I mean, it's because of this technology.
It's because of the guests that I get on my show. I've had on people from Ben Shapiro to Noam Chomsky, as opposite as they could possibly be ideologically.
And then I've had on people from Nobel Prize winners to graduate students. I've had on a woman from Egypt who's like a devout Muslim.

And here I am, a practicing Jew.

And we have just the most wonderful conversations.

And I get emails and comments.

I can't respond to all of them.

But how much it's helped them, how it's gotten them through difficult times,

from people saying they want to be my unpaid intern. Some say they would pay me to be their mentor.
And so those rates start at $860 an hour. I'm happy to charge.
No, I don't charge. But, you know, and I'm building up this- Just toss your Venmo name out at the end and I'm sure you'll get some- It's in.
I got my Patreon. I got some patrons out there.
Thank you all. But the, but the important thing for me to, to realize is that, you know, it's kind of leveraging, you know, I'm doing the hard work.
I'm reading all the books. I'm following up on research.
I'm animating their, their work. You know, we put hours and hours of work into each video on YouTube and each audio episode on iTunes and elsewhere.
And that, that hopefully shows, you know, we're, We're doing what we can to pay back the world, pay back the United States taxpayer, pay back you and your customers and clients, et cetera. You guys pay your taxes.
In part, you're supporting my dream. So why should I not give back? If I don't give back, if I don't put out as 99% of my colleagues don't sadly.

And so, and I'll, let me put a pin in that for one second.

Let me just say, if I don't do that, if I don't pay it back, I feel like I am not living up to the meaning of the word scientist on one hand. I feel like I'm a mooch off society.
On the other hand, I feel like I'm a taker and I feel it's immoral to do that personally immoral. Now what other people feel they can do, that's besides the point.
Like I'm not joining the army. I'm wearing my buddy's shirt that he got in Afghanistan when he was serving his third tour of duty in special forces.
I didn't have the courage, bravery to do that. So, but, you know, but I, I doesn't take much courage to put out a video about, you know, reality featuring Don Hoffman of the University of California.
I just have to read his book, ask him some good questions. It doesn't.
It doesn't. It doesn't.
And it doesn't. But, you know, look, I have tenure.
I have a certain amount of privilege, as the kids say, in many ways. And I am blessed and I'm not going to make apologies for it.
But what I am going to do is take advantage of it. So I have tenure.
I'm the Chancellor's Distinguished Professor of Physics at UC San Diego. I can do pretty much any form of research that I want.
I involve people from all races, creeds, colors, genders, whatever, and everything I do. And I like it because I get exposed to the most diverse and interesting opinions.
And if life is not interesting, it's meaningless. So from that perspective, I'm doing what I can do.
It doesn't take much courage. Now, coming back to that pin that I said that everybody should do some outreach, I do believe that.
I do believe that if you're getting government money, as we all are, especially because I work at a state university. I'm an employee of Gavin Newsom, you know, at some level at the state, you know, at this University of California.
And I'm honored and privileged to be here. Now, I'm not going to get, you know, win, you know, extra accolades or the Nobel Prize or something for doing the podcast.
But by the same token, it's so much fun to share these ideas, creating those new neural nodes that you mentioned in your original question. And to me, if I can, there are very few ways to grow your brain, my friend, as you know, it's very difficult.
You're in good shape physically, I can tell. I try my best.
You know, I put on the COVID-90, as I said. No, no.
But, and I said, anyone who comes out of COVID with a six pack, I'm going to beat down. So, you know, look out, Eric Wein.
But, but the point is, I, you know, I'm, I'm growing my brain in one of the few ways that you can apply time, energy, and effort and get out something. And for me, that's like doing things in neuroscience, totally alien to me as a cosmologist, and trying to bring universal scientific, you know, approaches to these great questions.
So for me, it's as much self-interested as otherwise. But when I hear my colleagues say, oh, I'm not good at that.
I'm not good at public speaking. I've had kids, not kids, I've had students in my lab that came from Thailand, from China, from Uganda.
these people didn't speak English as their native language and it showed or it sounded however you want to say it but guess what they're brilliant people they took the effort I paid for

them to go to Toastmasters to learn how to speak. I don't care what it is.
If you can learn quantum field theory in 10 dimensions, Ryan, and you say it's too hard for you to learn how to do a YouTube video. I think that's sad.
I do. And I think it's dishonest.
I think to say that I'm not saying everyone needs to be Neil deGrasse Tyson, you know, who's one of my heroes, but on the same

token, you know, cause he's not a scientist, he's not doing active scientific research and that's

fine. He admits and acknowledges as much, but if you're going to not take any effort because it's

too hard, I think that's fraudulent because guess what? None of them as brilliant as they are,

as many Nobel prizes as they've won, perhaps they never were born knowing quantum field theory. They had to spend time, energy, effort, and do the work.
And that, if not done, I feel like it's somewhat fraudulent, if not immoral. And I'll probably get not invited to as many faculty club dinner parties as possible.
But you know what?

I think it's worth it. What's up, guys? Sorry to take you away from the episode.
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Peace. Let's get back to the episode.
Yeah. Immoral or not, it is certainly dishonest because not being, like you said, I don't care what you do.
I don't care if you're studying quantum field theory or you want to sell an auto policy or you're working at Starbucks as a barista, you can learn how to communicate something you're passionate about in the digital space. You can certainly do that.
That is, and frankly, out of all, out of all the things we just mentioned, I'd much rather create a YouTube video than have to put someone's chai latte together when they're in a rush. You know, have you ever been in that line? People are a-holes.
So, you know, the pressure of, of that, of the, the amount of cinnamon that you put on top god forbid um so you know it's funny um in so i've been part of the insurance industry for 15 years every little boy's dream right to be an insurance agent just i couldn't growing up you know i just want to hawk some home and autos you know just not everyone, it sounds everyone gets to achieve their dreams. Right.
But it's funny. And this is something that, um, this is something you, so I'm an enormous, uh, fan of Jordan Peterson's his 12 rules for life, uh, was a game changer for me as an adult.
I wish that I had found it earlier in my life, but, uh, and then diving all the way back in his archive, as far as I could, his, his breaking down Genesis, the, the, his, that, that, whatever it is, 18, 18 hours of YouTube videos, whatever it is, right. It's some of the best work in that area that I, that I've ever come across.
doesn't matter um One of the things that I subscribe to is it's not, you become passionate about the things that you give passion to, that you give interest to, right? This whole concept of, you know, I'm not passionate about this, so I'm going to underachieve and blame my lack of passion on the thing as a reason for underachieving is, I think, complete horseshit. And the reason I asked the question about, are you helping create a node and more nodes in the sharing of your field is that in 2016, we had this happen in our industry.
So fat old white guys dominate insurance, just absolutely dominate insurance. And, you know, broad sweeping stroke here.
Good thing I'm talking about white people, but, you know, not the most open to new ideas or technology tend to enjoy the fruits of the standard hierarchies that everyone is fighting so hard against today.

And thus, what they did was they created these little fiefdoms. And anytime they would figure something out, they would put a moat, and they'd put sticks, and they'd have fire arrows and murder holes and, you know, vats full of oil around those ideas to protect them.
And in 2016, technology, YouTube, podcasting, absolutely broke those barriers down. And now we have people who operate in the same town, sharing techniques for either helping serve customers better or prospecting customers in a way that you would have never seen.
I mean, these are people who actually compete against each other head to head day to day, and they're having coffee and telling each other what they're doing. And, you know, not everyone, but as a widespread, it's the cultural barrier has been pretty much taken down.
And the organizations that aren't open to sharing are actually failing today. And my hope is, and I've heard, you know, I heard you talk about on James's show and some of the others that I listened to you on and even your own.
And my hope for your field is that, is that it, that will come down for you as well, because we need it to. Yeah.
The things that you're talking about, I know as much about quantum theory as

you and Eric Weinstein have shared on podcasts. So that's the depth of my understanding.
But

to that extent, and in the concepts and the way that you start to look at it, and the questions

that it brings up, particularly about the impact of science on religion, on society, on how we

treat each other, on how when you start thinking about the origin of the Big Bang,

Thank you. about the impact of science on religion, on society, on how we treat each other, on how when you start thinking about the origin of the Big Bang, it feels really hard to be a racist.
Like, it's like, when did, you know what I mean? Like, when did the, when did all this start? Are we alone? How did we get here? You know, you know, and then I'm going to like worry about, you know, what someone's religion is or skin color. So I think it's important that these ideas spread because they, they make us some, they make hopefully make us humble enough to not care so much about some of these physical, more shallow issues that I think we're dealing with.
Yeah, that's right. I do believe that, you know, to have a, you know, an element of, you know, ignorance about the, you know, the history of science and its potential impact and harm that it caused in many different communities is almost as bad as being ignorant of the benefits of having a true safe space, a space that is politics free, that you don't have to think about someone's skin color or sexual orientation when you're ascertaining their papers or you're thinking about their ideas or seeing them on YouTube.
Look, I might not be able to get something published in the preeminent journal nature. Maybe I'm not smart enough or don't have the connections or whatever.
And that's true. But I can make a YouTube channel that has 23,000, you know, rabid subscribers.

And that's true. But I can make a YouTube channel that has 23,000, you know, rabid subscribers.
And that's totally, technology is totally democratized and flattened in a good way, lowercase d, obviously. The playing field for creators, for thought leader, you know, for people that want to contribute and allows you to do that other thing that James advocates for, which is to skip the line.
And that's not only skip the line, but to choose yourself when you skip the line. Now, you're still subject in academia to all sorts of hurdles that you can skip the line.
And that's actually the origin of this multi 10 part series that James and I are doing, where we're jokingly trying to get him a PhD in physics. Because I said, you know, in my field, you first have to get selected to go to college.
Um, you have, you know, to get to college, you have to do well in high school. So there's gatekeeping in high school.
Then your graduate, not your graduate, your, um, your guidance counselor has to, you know, provide you letters of recommendation. Then you go to college and you go to graduate school.
You have to get letters from professors. Then for graduate school, you have to get a postdoc.
Then they go post, I gave a faculty job and all these things, right? You mentioned baseball, you play baseball. You know, when I, when I think about how many people are doing what I do, again, it's like, it's like the square root of the number of people in the, in the MLB.
But, but what happens right before the MLB is triple A baseball and academia is called being a postdoctoral fellow or scholar. So after your PhD, before you become a professor, and that, I don't know how likely it is in baseball to get into AAA ball.
I imagine it's pretty damn hard. But to get a postdoc position, it's almost easy.
It's almost like almost anybody who wants one. I've never had a student want it to be a postdoc, in other words, didn't want to go into industry, didn't want to take your follow your footsteps and go into the insurance industry, you know, that despite their parents depression over them not following in Ryan's footsteps.
But but nevertheless, they could always get a postdoc. But then imagine like it's easy to get into triple A ball and then it's impossible as impossible as is now against MLB.
That would be a weird kind of industry to be in. And yet that's my industry.
it's easy to get into AAA ball, and then it's impossible, as impossible as it is now to get to MLB. That would be a weird kind of industry to be in, and yet that's my industry.
It's easy to get into the analog of AAA. It's impossible to get to the majors.
So, you know, I feel it both my duty and my – lately I've been saying a lot like this, and it's related to a Prager University video that I did that's coming out in April, and it's about the difference between knowledge and wisdom. And following in my hero, Jocko Willings footsteps, another San Diegan, he said, you know, discipline equals freedom.
My, you know, video is like knowledge is not equal to wisdom. In that science, the word science means knowledge.
It doesn't mean wisdom. And wisdom is requires knowledge, but knowledge is not

sufficient. We all know people and I can name dozens of them who I wouldn't trust, you know, with my kids in the backseat of their car, you know, because I don't think they're wise enough to drive, even though there was brilliant people in the world, some of them have Nobel prizes.
And so knowledge and wisdom are very different things. And it's, it's almost easier to get, you know, even the notion of knowledge is easy to attain versus wisdom as impossible to attain.
Almost exactly that same analogy I made with MLB versus AAA in the following sense. We can have a computer that has great deal of knowledge.
Wikipedia has way more knowledge, even about physics, even about cosmology, I'll ever have instant recall, processing, working memory, connectivity, nodes galore. And in fact, that's how we make artificial intelligence.
We have machine learning algorithms that scour the web, this thing with GPT-3. I'm working a little bit with that, experimenting with it, as James would admonish me to do.
So I'm doing all these things. And I'm thinking, I don't care so much about artificial intelligence.
If next year they're going to have a computer instead of GPT-3, which knows what 10% of the content of the worldwide web is, in two years we'll have something that has 20%, just following Moore's law. So in two years, it'll have surpassed everything GPT-3 did, let's call it GPT-4.
We'll do everything that GPT-3 did and doubled it. So the sum total of all human knowledge doubled will be available.
Now, does that mean it'll be any more wise? I don't think so. I don't think making somebody twice as intelligent gives them twice as much wisdom.
So I care about artificial wisdom, and I'm on a mission to see, is that even possible to attain? Because it's certainly not by modeling the human brain. It kind of requires a different kind of co-processor that is uniquely represented by human beings.
And that is part of the gift that I spoke about in answer to your very first question. We have this knowledge.
In fact, the word homo sapien means, you know, man that knows he knows. It's really homo sapien sapien.
And sapien is Latin for wisdom. So it's like, we are wise.
We know, we understand that we are going to die. Say what you want about reality.
Say what you want about, about animals being conscious. Certainly they feel pain, et cetera.
But, but are they conscious? Do they know what reality is? Are they aware of their own death? Certainly not. So we are aware of it.
We must protect against it. We must buy policies from Ryan left and right to ensure those left behind are taken care of.
I actually feel that is a moral obligation in all seriousness. I am reading a book by a friend and colleague, Sarah Seeger at MIT called the smallest lights in the Universe.
She'll be on my show soon. And she writes about losing her father and her husband, you know, as a 40 year old new professor.
Unbelievable pain thinking about that. And, you know, I couldn't help but think, like, I hope that they had some life insurance, you know, I hope they had something, some way to protect themselves and their kids.
And so, but anyway, let's not get into that. But if you don't suck the marrow out of life, then I think you don't need kind of a wisdom insurance policy because you're not really making use of it.
You're just passing the time. And guess what? Animals pass the time much better than humans.
They have a ton more fun than we do. They're not subject to any laws.
They can do whatever they want. Maybe some of them get

eaten. But the point is, they don't have the awareness that we're given.
That's a gift. But like every gift, it comes with responsibilities.
Wisdom is knowledge plus experience mashed up with a few other things? Wisdom is, is, is a lot of things. It's learning from others.
It's being a historian. It's understanding your place in the timeline of the universe.
When we talk about physics, we talk about things called light cones, light like the speed of light and cones looking like a cone. And if you think about it, the only signals that can get to you, the only information you can get has traveled at most at the speed of light.
And it's reached your perception, you know, after traveling from the event that created it, say it's the screen in front of you. It's traveled one foot between your eyes and the screen in one nanosecond.
So you're actually seeing the past when you see me. And it's even worse than that because you're in New York.
I'm in California. We're almost as far apart as possible.
And that's by design because we can't stand it. No, no, we love each other.
But the point is there's a delay in that. How many feet are there in the United States? There's 2,900 miles between us.
So that's roughly one one hundredth uh, one, one hundredth of the, uh, of, of the distance light travels in a sec. So it's one, uh, 10 milliseconds, something like that.
You can start putting all these things together and you're only able to see what's going to happen at a certain distance away from you. You can't see infinitely far back, but you can see back further in time than your eyes can perceive if you understand history.
And that's part of why I wrote my book, because book is a way to store wisdom and knowledge as well. And my experiences and other people's experiences, I have all these dead mentors ranging from Aristotle, Plato, Galileo, Newton, Emmy Noether, et cetera, et cetera.
Jane Goodall influenced me a great deal. Isaac Asimov influenced me a great deal.
And putting those all together. And then you have these living embodiments, people that you can talk to, modern day philosophers like James Altucher, like Eric Weinstein, like Sarah Seeger I just mentioned, all these people that I get to talk to and synthesizing their experiences.
Look, I hope to God, I already lost my father, so I don't have to lose my father again. But, but, you know, thank God, you know, there, there's pain that I have been spared.
And I hope I'm forever spared that because I don't know if I can handle it with the strength that she did. So how do I learn from that? She's a scientist at the top level.
I want to synthesize it. If you can only relate to somebody, getting back to your question about racism and diversity, if you can only appreciate something, if you are of that exact same racial, ethnic, sexual, gender orientation, then it's hopeless.
It's absolutely hopeless because then I have nothing to teach you unless you're me. And I even have young twins and they're as different as humanly possible.
They're completely different. You wouldn't even know that they're twins.
They don't look like each other. And they spent nine months together in an enclosed environment that would give me claustrophobia.
They're totally different. We're all different.
And that's what makes us so beautiful. As Philip Morrison said, more is not better.
More is different. More is wonderful.
Difference is wonderful. If you are discriminatory, and I know that you're not, I'm just saying if somebody is, they're the biggest effing idiots.
I'm not going to curse, but I feel like racist. They're the dumbest human beings that could possibly exist because they think something so trivial is meaningful.
And what I worry about is that people obsessing about that, trying to eradicate it, which will never, ever happen, you know, is kind of undoing the, trying to undo the basic human project, which is that those people are punished. They are punished.
Their lives are impoverished. They're mental midgets for whatever, you know, I probably shouldn't say that either, but the point is their punishment is their ignoramuses and they will forever cursed, in my opinion.
Yeah, that's our current environment, I'll say. Certainly the one in which the story is being told.
I mean, living in New York, just think about what happened with Cuomo, right? With how he wrote a book about solving the pandemic in August, come to find out he was lying the whole time. I can tell you firsthand, he didn't solve anything.
I lived here and, you know, on and on and on. My point, and I think you, you hit it on the head and this goes for, for all the things that we're fighting about today, not just racism or whatever, but in general that we're fighting about and why I wish we, you know, and again, this is, I'm pandering to your immense intellect at this point.
But why I wish that we spent more time on some of these bigger issues and the brainpower and the energy on issues that like you're talking about instead of, I'm a firm believer in the, the high level Darwinistic idea of survival, the fittest. And if you are using, and if you're making decisions based on these shallow, shallow topics in that we shouldn't, they shouldn't even be topics though.
I do know they still exist. And so I don't want to diminish them as a whole.
That's, that's not what I'm trying to say. But if this is how you're making your decisions, you are going to get cut out of the herd.
That was happening. I felt like that was happening in general.
Like I felt like we'd solved this problem. You'd meet someone and they'd say something.
You kind of look at them and you'd be like, you, you stay over here. I'm, I see you, but I, you know, I'm not really into that.
That seems ridiculous. So you just hang out over there by yourself.
And those people were getting cut out. And then all of a sudden it was like, wait, no, no, everyone is like that.
And you're like, what are we talking about? And my only reason for even bringing up that topic is I feel like that it dumbs us down in general. And there's a lot of things, not just, again, not the idea of racism.
Cause I do know it exists and it is a problem that I don't want to exist because as, as, as a purely capitalistic person, right. I believe in capitalism and everything that comes from it, the good and the bad.
And as a capitalist, what are you going to do? You're, you're going to hire someone who who's going to give you half the production because they're a certain skin color or they're a certain religion. Like that would be a stupid frigging idea.
Like if you want to grow your business, you need more talented people. So same thing with the, you know, I've had this conversation with Jim Gates, who's the father of string theory, supersymmetry theory, first black PhD from MIT and the president of the American Physical Society.
He is an amazing intellect. And he, you know, he has made these statements to me that, that it punishes the racist, you know, in other words, their lives are living hells.
To think that that is significant is one of the most asinine thing. It's almost not even worth discussing, except that there's been such a backlash to it that we now have to be very, very, you know, very, very alert to it to, to avoid, you know, this cancellation culture where, you know, there's, there's something that somebody might've said in, in, in physics and then, you know, but, but then outside of physics, you know, they might be outspoken or whatever.
I feel like, you know, it's a little bit, it's kind of like a tax. And I agree that, and I had this conversation with many scientists of different colors, races, whatever.
And they've said, you know, for say African American, they do pay a tax. They pay a tax that I don't have to pay, you know, but on the other hand, they are, you know, they're, they, they love the science that they do.
And, and that I think things are changing, you know, it's like 20 years ago, we, we had, you know, one female faculty member when I started at UCSD in my group. Now it's like half my group are female professors.
That's wonderful. I mean, if you like, there've been studies, people on the right who I criticize just as much to the left, I always say, you know, there's no Republican constellation.
There's no democratic comet. You know, astronomy is for everybody, but you know, people on the right say, oh, you know, diversity, it's just, and I say, no, they're actual studies.
I mean, as opposed to like implicit assessment tests and things that have been shown to be completely useless scientifically. There are scientific studies that show if you have a racially diverse jury, you will get on average better outcomes.
Now, why wouldn't you want like why would you actively work to do not that in science, you know, have a less diverse. So now we spend a lot of time on it's just frustrating to me, Ryan, because I have, you know, some of my, you know, my kind of deepest hope and I've worked with the National Society of Black Physicists.
I'm actually an honorary member of that amazing organization. I've spoken at their galas.
I'm a contributor to them. And my feeling is that I want physics to recognize that we succeed when we do welcome this diverse perspective, but not necessarily diversity for its own sake, but to be welcoming, to have a safe space for it also means not to talk about the politics so much.
I have so many conversations. Like I don't want to talk about politics.
I want to talk about science. I don't have time.
Am I going to solve it? Yeah. Am I going to solve race relations as a, as a freaking astrophysicist no but can i give a summer internship program opportunity to a brilliant physicist who happens to be black when she is at a historically black college abso-freaking-lutely and we did just that with the simons observatory and so that's what i'll do and i'll do that and i'm gonna stick my nose out to do as much of that as possible and as little in politics as possible.
And I'm afraid, Ryan, I got to run, but I'd love to, I'd love to chat again, maybe in the spring as these different videos and productions come out. And I really appreciate talking to you, my friend.
Yeah. I just, I just want to say, thanks, man.
This went a whole bunch of places. I know in the, in the world of interviewing, you're supposed to stay on target, but I just, uh, I, I appreciate you.
I appreciate the way you think sharing your mind. And, and I, my hope for this interview is that everyone who's listening, find a way to inject yourself into, into what Brian's doing, whether it's his book, the podcast is tremendous.
Uh, look into the other shows that you've been on, Ben's show, James's show.

I think just having your thought process,

the way that you think through things,

the way you talk through things

is gonna help people regardless of what space you're in

and what you're trying to do day to day.

So thanks, man.

I really appreciate that.

Congratulations on all your success too, my friend.

It's really impressive.

Thanks.

All right, take care.

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