Ukraine Ceasefire Talks, Education Department Layoffs, Spending Bill

Speaker 1 Ukraine agrees to terms for a 30-day ceasefire, and the U.S. is back to sending weapons and intelligence.

Speaker 2 And that's effective immediately. Will Russia agree to the deal, and what's it mean for ending the war if they don't?

Speaker 1 I'm Michelle Martin, that's a Martinez, and this is up first from NPR News.

Speaker 1 The Education Department is slashing nearly half of its staff.

Speaker 3 Not only are we concerned about how we will now pay our bills, but what impact this is going to have to the American public, families who have students with special needs.

Speaker 1 What happens when the agency meant to support quality and fairness in education loses so many of its workers?

Speaker 2 And Congress has just days to avoid a government shutdown. The House passed a stopgap bill, but will the Senate get on board? Stay with us.
We've got all the news you need to start your day.

Speaker 4 Support for NPR and the following message come from NBC News, a news source that brings clarity to the stories that matter by asking tough questions and holding every fact up to the light.

Speaker 4 Coverage that steadies, stories that connect. NBC News, Reporting for America.
This message comes from Schwab.

Speaker 4 Everyone has moments when they could have done better, like cutting their own hair or forgetting sunscreen, so now you look like a tomato. Same goes for where you invest.

Speaker 4 Level up and invest smarter with Schwab. Get market insights, education, and and human help when you need it.
Learn more at schwab.com.

Speaker 5 This message comes from the Council for Interior Design Qualification. Interior Designer and CIDQ President Siavash Madani describes his fundamentals of interior design.

Speaker 4 I think interior design is about responsibility. It's not just the way a space looks or the way a space photographs.
To me, better design means functional, safe, accessible, and inclusive design.

Speaker 5 Learn more at cidq.org/slash npr.

Speaker 2 After nine hours of talks in Saudi Arabia, Ukrainian and American delegations announced an agreement on a 30-day ceasefire last night.

Speaker 1 This comes less than two weeks after a string of harsh words by President Trump directed at Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky culminated in an Oval Office blow-up between the two and the impression that the new administration was taking Russia's side.

Speaker 1 Now, though, the pressure is on Russia to accept the American-Ukrainian deal.

Speaker 2 We go now to NPR's Eleanor Beardsley, Beardsley, who is in Kiev. So Eleanor, 30 days.
What does that buy Ukraine?

Speaker 7 Well, A, that buys them peace, space, and calm to begin real talks about a long-term peace.

Speaker 7 It would include the cessation of all shooting, bombs, missiles, drones on the Black Sea, the front line, and in Ukraine cities, of course.

Speaker 7 And the Trump administration announced it is resuming the sharing of intelligence and delivery of military supplies, which it had temporarily paused. U.S.

Speaker 7 Secretary of State Marco Rubio says the ball is now in Russia's court.

Speaker 8 Ukraine is ready to to stop shooting and start talking. And now it'll be up to them to say yes or no.
I hope they're going to say yes. And if they do, then I think we've made great progress.

Speaker 8 If they say no, then we'll unfortunately know what the impediment is to peace here.

Speaker 7 So that's an incredible statement, A, less than two weeks after the Trump administration seemed to blame Ukraine for not wanting peace.

Speaker 2 How are Ukrainians reacting to this?

Speaker 7 Well, President Volodymyr Zelensky took to social media immediately to herald the agreement. Here he is speaking.

Speaker 7 He said, the American side understands our arguments, accepts our proposals, and I want to thank President Trump for the constructive conversation between our teams.

Speaker 7 So, again, a complete turnaround for Zelensky from that disastrous Oval Office meeting. And as for resuming of the intelligence, you know, cutting that off was seen as a real low blow to Ukrainians.

Speaker 7 I arrived in Kyiv last night just as the news of the deal and the renewed intel sharing was breaking, and I spoke to 35-year-old Dima Suhak. Here he is.

Speaker 9 I think that's great. We need this information for sure.

Speaker 7 And how did you feel when it was stopped?

Speaker 9 I feel disgusted. Let's say.

Speaker 7 I don't know if you heard his friend, but she said they felt less safe because satellite intelligence not only helped on the battlefield, but it helped Ukraine defend its cities by giving advance warning of high-speed Russian missiles.

Speaker 7 And having lay in bed last night on my first night in Kiev to air raid sirens and then the explosions of drones being shot down over the city, I can tell you it's nerve-wracking.

Speaker 2 Yeah, yeah, absolutely. Now, that meeting in Saudi Arabia was between Ukraine and the U.S.
Now what?

Speaker 7 Now the U.S. delegation is set to meet with the Russians.
There's been no official reaction from Moscow yet.

Speaker 7 I spoke with Samuel Sharup, who is a Russia specialist at the think tank, the RAND Corporation, and he says the onus is now on the Russians to accept something or perhaps face Trump's ire.

Speaker 7 But Sharup says, surprisingly, there is common ground between the Russians and Ukrainians.

Speaker 10 What What Russia, interestingly, has in common with the Ukrainian position, again, is that they too want to ensure that this isn't a temporary pause, that whatever agreement they reach actually ends the war in a way that they're not facing a renewed Ukrainian attempt to retake Ukraine's territory in the future.

Speaker 7 So he says this means both sides will be ready to prioritize the broader issues to lead to a longer peace. He says no one has won this war and both sides will have to compromise.

Speaker 2 MPR's Eleanor Beardsley in Kiev. Eleanor, thank you.

Speaker 7 You're welcome, A.

Speaker 2 Last night, the Trump administration announced it's cutting nearly half of all staff at the U.S. Department of Education.

Speaker 1 Shortly after, many of those employees started receiving emails letting them know they would soon be losing their jobs.

Speaker 2 NPR education reporter Janaki Meta has been hearing from some of those staffers. So let's just start with the scale of these layoffs and what parts of the agency were affected.

Speaker 6 Yeah, so the announcement that came from the Department of Education Tuesday night said the agency was cutting nearly 50% of its staff, and that number includes some of the people who've already taken voluntary buyouts or decided to retire.

Speaker 6 And in that statement, Education Secretary Lyndon McMahon said these cuts reflect the department's, quote, commitment to efficiency, accountability, and ensuring that resources are directed where they matter most to students, parents, and teachers.

Speaker 6 And A, the announcement clearly said all divisions of the agency will be impacted.

Speaker 6 The Department of Ed sent union leaders a list of employees who would be laid off, and the union shared that list with NPR. The cuts are certainly wide-ranging.

Speaker 6 Hundreds of employees from the Federal Student Aid Office, just under 250 employees from the Office of Civil Rights, and another 100 plus from the Institute of Education Sciences, which was already gutted by other federal cuts a few weeks ago.

Speaker 6 And many other parts of the agency were reflected in that list too.

Speaker 2 All right, now you've been in touch with some of the staffers who are being laid off. What have they been saying?

Speaker 6 Yeah, I heard from multiple employees who were notified yesterday that they will be laid off in coming days. Sharia Smith is an attorney at the Department of Ed's Office for Civil Rights.

Speaker 6 She's also president of AFGE Local 252, which is a union that represents Ed Department employees.

Speaker 6 And Smith, along with with all five of the other union officers in her chapter, were told Tuesday that they're being laid off.

Speaker 3 Not only are we concerned about how we will now pay our bills, but what impact this is going to have to the American public, families who have students with special needs.

Speaker 3 What they've just done today is fire hundreds of the employees that would be enforcing those rights.

Speaker 6 So the Office for Civil Rights, where Smith works, is responsible for making sure students aren't being discriminated against at school, and that includes students with disabilities.

Speaker 2 Now, I know this news is pretty fresh, but do we know if these cuts are even legal? I mean, aren't some of these education department offices protected by law?

Speaker 6 Yes, they are. So, for example, the Institute of Education Sciences, or IES, does research on all kinds of topics related to American education.

Speaker 6 It has a bunch of sub-branches that were established and laws passed by Congress as well.

Speaker 6 But I saw a termination email for an employee of one of those sub-branches that I'm talking about that clearly states that their entire unit is being, quote, abolished.

Speaker 6 Whether or not that's legal is not clear yet.

Speaker 6 Say, like, if the Ed Department has retained at least some of the employees at these offices that are protected by law, they could be leaving the door open to say that the office hasn't completely been shut down.

Speaker 6 Kenneth Wong is a professor of education policy at Brown University, and here's what he said.

Speaker 3 Now, the executive branch can argue that they are partially implementing the law, and they would probably argue that there is no longer a need for the personnel to fulfill these functions.

Speaker 6 So, Wong says that will ultimately be up to Congress and probably the courts to decide.

Speaker 2 All right, that's NPR Education Reporter Janaki Meta. Thanks a lot.

Speaker 6 Thank you, A.

Speaker 2 All right, the clock is ticking in Washington on a potential government shutdown. Funding for federal agencies expires Friday at midnight.

Speaker 1 Leaving the Senate with less than 72 hours to pass a stopgap spending plan. The Republican plan passed the House yesterday.
Here is Speaker Mike Johnson after the vote.

Speaker 2 It falls on the desk of Chuck Schumer.

Speaker 2 He is the leader of the Democrats on that side, and he must determine whether he wants to fund the government, do the responsible thing, or whether he wants to shut the government down.

Speaker 2 NPR's congressional correspondent is Claudia Grizale. So, Claudia, let's start with that stopgap plan that passed the House.
What to do?

Speaker 11 Right, it extends a current stopgap spending plan through the end of the fiscal year, so through September at lower 2024 levels.

Speaker 11 This, in particular, was key to keeping hardline members on board for these forced cuts that we would see in some cases.

Speaker 11 It's a feature of these kinds of stopgap bills, also known as continuing resolutions, to keep spending flat. But it's also a rarity to see Congress to fund the government this way for an entire year.

Speaker 11 Traditionally, we see them pass a full-year appropriations plan, but bipartisan negotiations failed to come together in time, so Republicans turned to this partisan plan instead.

Speaker 2 Yeah, when it comes to spending, Republicans have tended to disagree on a few things or maybe a lot of things. How did they get this across the finish line?

Speaker 11 Right. Historically, we've seen hardline members of the conference always vote no, but in this case, they were yes.
Some for the first time voting yes on a plan like this.

Speaker 11 It says a lot about the influence of President Trump.

Speaker 11 For example, hours before the vote, Trump said he would lead an effort to have a member of the conference, this is Kentucky Republican Thomas Massey, primaried because he was the lone no vote for the party in the House.

Speaker 11 And this happened again just before the vote. And within that same window, we saw a handful of holdouts fall in line who were undecided and vote yes.

Speaker 2 All right. As Speaker Johnson said, it now goes goes to the Senate, Republican-led Senate.
Can they get this thing passed before that Friday deadline?

Speaker 11 Maybe, but it could be very close. In this case, they're going to need Democrats to get this done.
Senate Majority Leader John Thune, likes Speaker Johnson.

Speaker 11 They're putting the heat on Democrats to get on board or be responsible for a government shutdown.

Speaker 2 As you all know, it takes 60 votes in the Senate to pass an appropriations bill, so we're going to need some Democrats to vote for it.

Speaker 11 And Republicans control just a slim majority in the Senate, and that's 53 seats. They're going to need 60 votes to overcome a filibuster.
So they hope to get Democrats to hit that threshold.

Speaker 11 We know one Republican, Kentucky Republican Rand Paul, says he's a no vote, while one Democrat, John Fetterman, has signaled he will be the first to join the GOP to get this passed.

Speaker 2 So seven or more Democrats to vote yes. What are Democrats saying?

Speaker 11 Well, they wanted a plan that would put limits on Trump's ability to make cuts and and dismantle the federal government.

Speaker 11 But House Democrats, while they largely held on this together to vote no, that's not as clear for Senate Democrats. They were not forthcoming yesterday in most cases on how they would vote.

Speaker 11 And that happened in the case for Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, who was asked several times about this, but would not say what the plan was.

Speaker 11 So we know they're facing pressure from both sides, and they don't want to be blamed for a government shutdown. So it's going to be a big unity test for Democrats.

Speaker 2 All right. That's MPR's congressional correspondent, Clarity Grizzales.
Thanks a lot.

Speaker 11 Thank you.

Speaker 2 And before we go, a quick update on trade. President Trump's tariffs on steel and aluminum are now in effect.
25% on all imports, no exceptions.

Speaker 2 That means higher costs for American businesses that rely on those metals, automakers, construction, energy companies, and possibly higher prices for consumers.

Speaker 2 And now the EU is hitting back with tariffs of their own. Starting April 1st, the European bloc will target $28 billion worth of American goods from steel to food and home appliances.

Speaker 2 For more on this, follow Morning Edition on your local NPR station or stream us anytime on the NPR app.

Speaker 2 And that's a first for Wednesday, March 12th. I'm Martinez.

Speaker 1 And I'm Michelle Martin. For your next listen, how about trying Consider This from NPR? We at Up First give you the three big stories of the day.

Speaker 1 Our Consider This colleagues take a different approach. They dive into a single new story and what it means to you.
Learn about a big story of the day in less than 15 minutes.

Speaker 1 Listen now on the NPR app or wherever you get your podcasts.

Speaker 2 And today's episode of Up First was edited by Rylan Barton, Nicole Cohen, Jason Breslow, Alice Wolfley, and Mohamed El Bardisi. It was produced by Zia Buch, Mia Dumas, and Christopher Thomas.

Speaker 2 We get engineering support from Damian Herring and our technical director is Stacey Abbott. Joining us again tomorrow.

Speaker 5 This message comes from Vital Farms, who works with small American farms to bring you pastor-raised eggs.

Speaker 5 Farmer Tanner Pace shares why he believes it's important to care for his land and how he hopes to pass the opportunity to farm on to his sons.

Speaker 12 We're paving the way for a future. We only have one earth and we have to make it count.

Speaker 12 Like my boys, I want to see them taking care of the land for them to be able to farm and then generations to come.

Speaker 12 I really enjoy seeing, especially my whole family up there working with me and to be able to instill the things that my father, mother, and then grandparents instilled in me that I can instill in the boys.

Speaker 12 That's just the most rewarding thing that there could ever be.

Speaker 12 Vital farms, they're motivated for the well-being of the animals, for the well-being of the land, the whole grand scope of things, they care about it all. You know, and that means a lot to me.

Speaker 5 To learn more about how Vital Farms farmers care for their hens, visit VitalFarms.com.

Speaker 4 Support for this podcast and the following message come from Humana. Employees are the heartbeat of your business.

Speaker 4 That's why Humana offers dental, vision, life, and disability benefits designed to help protect them. Award-winning service, expansive networks, and modern benefits.
That's the power of human care.

Speaker 4 To learn more about Humana's plans for companies of all sizes and benefits budgets, visit humana.com/slash employer.