Doctor’s Orders | 4. Wheel of Fortune

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Where is Munir?

Where is Munir?

But the biggest question in the case: where is Dr.

Ueda?

For over 15 years, authorities in California have wanted to talk to him, whether as a person of interest in the murder of Juliana Redding or as a named defendant in a mega health insurance scam.

Okay, we didn't really know where Ueda was,

so we went about trying to find Ueda.

It's a decades-old occupation.

This is Mark Minick.

And as we tried to find Ueda through different sources, investigative sources, we popped up all kinds of stuff.

In 1999, Mark was the CEO of Van Wert County Hospital in a really small town in Ohio.

Probably about an hour and 15 minutes south of Toledo.

And for a while, in the early 2000s, He and a team were trying to track down Munir Ueda.

You know, we popped up articles from magazines from Eastern Europe where he's judging beauty contests.

You know, we see pictures of him and other beauty pageant people who eventually ended up in Van Wert, Ohio.

Amazingly enough.

We found out the supposed Harvard rumor, found out more about the Stanford Fellowship, we found out more of other hospitals he had dealt with.

In there, I had the California Bureau of Investigation calling me along with other people.

Yeah, I mean, it's amazing.

It's just absolutely amazing the guy has left this kind of trail over, you know, 25 years.

The path Dr.

Murnir Ueda took from growing up in Lebanon to a small town in Ohio to global capitals around the world is the same path.

He took from small town surgeon to accused criminal mastermind.

We figured, you know, it was mostly about the money.

But then some of the things revealed a possibly greater diabolical person than we had imagined.

I'm Benadair from Sony Music Entertainment and Western Sound.

You're listening to Doctor's Orders.

This is episode four,

Wheel of Fortune.

Everyone, whether you're a superhero or a super villain or anything in between, everyone has an origin story.

Now Munir's father.

The family is originally from Tripoli.

Now this is kind of a known

more impoverished area in the country.

Munir Ueda's origin story starts with a father who was by most everyone's account a superhero.

Marwan Aweda, who is Munir Aweda's father, trained in internal medicine at the American University of Beirut.

This is Mayan Nsaid.

She's part of an investigative reporting duo based in Beirut, Lebanon, and she told me that Marwan Ueda is kind of a big deal.

After training in the United States, he returned to Lebanon in 1966 and was a pioneer in Lebanon's healthcare system.

That was the year that Muniraweda was born, and that is when he introduced the specialty of infectious diseases, the practices of infection control and antibiotic utilization.

So you have this man who is very, very talented and clearly kind of a pioneer in his field, right?

This very, very impressive man.

It's kind of very interesting to see how far the apple fell from the tree.

We don't know too much about teenage Munir, but we know that he and at least one of his sisters followed in their dad's footsteps, attending the American University of Beirut.

Munir graduated from AUB's medical school in 1991.

One of his sisters is still at AUB.

She's a professor there.

Her specialty specialty is in anti-corruption and ethical business practices for accountants worldwide.

From 1991 to 1999, Munir's resume shows several things.

A medical internship at NYU Medical Center in New York, Harvard and Albert Einstein Medical College for orthopedic training, a fellowship at Stanford for spinal surgery.

And maybe it was in New York that Munir met a woman named Eha Urbselu.

She's the oldest romantic relationship that we could find for Munir.

Eha was the runner-up for Miss Estonia in 1988.

And she was also in New York in the 1990s.

After all that, a job in Van Wert, Ohio.

We were looking for an orthopedic surgeon probably

1998, 99, and we had put out a recruitment contract, and he was one of our candidates who did a visit to Van Wert.

This is Mark Minnick again, former CEO of Van Wert County Hospital in Van Wert, Ohio.

I just really like saying Van Wert.

Well, I would say we're a typical Midwestern community.

Van Wert County is probably a population base of about 31,000.

Van Wert City itself is about 11,000.

You know, the county fair is one of the big events of the year.

All the things you kind of see about the Midwest in the movies kind of epitomizes Van Wert.

Munier seems into it.

He takes the job, moves into a house right across the street from Mark with a couple show dogs, his former beauty queen, now fiancée, along with an avid interest in horses, like really fancy horses.

I mean, he had dogs, he had horses, he had models.

And people always ask me, hey, did you think of anything?

No, I know doctors who date models.

I knew doctors who have show dogs, and I know doctors who have horses.

Now, I'm not sure I know a doctor who has all three, but not unusual hobbies for doctors.

The year Eha and Munir moved to Ohio, they also started a modeling agency called ENM Model Management.

According to media reports, the agency was offering foreign models potential work in America.

So I think we had like 18 kids in our neighborhood.

I think 17 of them were boys and they were all under 14 years of age.

So when they saw the models out jogging or whatever, I mean, they could draw attention.

And then there was another one, and I think I've seen her on the internet as maybe another Miss Estonia or another Miss Estonia contestant, but they were there for a while, too.

And their appearance eventually led to Aha's disappearance, so to speak.

Soon, Aha, the now former fiancé, had left.

And Miss Estonia 1998, Kadre Valhutz, had arrived.

She was also Miss Baltic Sea in 1999.

So the way doctors and hospitals operate does not make sense to me.

I had Mark explain it.

Van Wert County Hospital needed more orthopedic surgeons, so they recruited Munir.

And we're thinking, well, Harvard's the gold standard.

We're thinking Stanford's the gold standard.

But hospitals rarely like hire doctors, like on a W-2.

When Munir arrived in Van Wertz, Mark's hospital helped him set up a little company.

Then the doctors at the hospital started referring their patients who needed an orthopedist to his new practice.

And since it can take a minute for a new practice to get established, the hospital guaranteed Munir's new company an income with the expectation that once it was all up and running, Munir would pay that money back.

It was like an advance.

And then we watch and see when that revenue is sufficient enough to support the practice.

And so we basically asked for financials on a monthly basis.

And we found basically that

he was doing much better than our guarantee.

Mark says he'd build almost $2 million

in under six months.

And I would be the first one to say he built it up very quickly.

But build does not mean collected.

So this is where things get a little confusing, but it's important.

So I'm going to explain.

As you know, if you've been to a doctor, when you get a bill, there's so many different things on it, and the rates can be, well, crazy.

Sometimes you're all, did that really happen?

And it cost how much?

The thing is, doctors never expect to get all that money.

They know they're usually just paid a fraction of it.

Like one insurance company might pay, say, 45% of what's billed.

Medicare might pay like 80%.

So what doctors bill and what they get can be really, really different.

And it causes this very real temptation to overbill.

Because they are the ones who order all the tests.

They're the ones that order all the admissions.

They do all those things.

If physicians weren't honest, they could write their own paycheck.

So hospitals like Van Wert County Hospital have a layer of oversight called peer review to make sure doctors aren't ordering unnecessary things.

In other words, is what he's doing doing appropriate?

Insurance companies do their own reviews too.

And this is maybe where some of that whole insurance company is deciding what's appropriate care and what's not appropriate care.

This is where some of that comes from.

Just some.

Doctors pushing the envelope and overbilling.

So here's Munir Ueda moving to Van Wert, Ohio with his beauty queen and suddenly billing a lot of money.

And the hospital wanted to see what's going on here.

So at that point in time, we wanted to reconcile with him, and he basically stonewalled us on that.

Basically, what he did is he filed suit against us

and not only the hospital, but me specifically.

So, you know, we were trying to work with him, and all of a sudden, we get slapped with a lawsuit.

So, as this stuff is going along, we're starting to figure out that we're dealing with a fairly sophisticated person.

Not sophisticated in a good way, but probably sophisticated in ways that we typically don't deal with.

It took 18 months to litigate.

I think he went through five different attorneys in the process.

He kind of used attorneys as a fungible good.

In the end, Mark and the Van Wert County Hospital prevailed.

The judge ordered Munir to repay over $400,000.

But remember what gets billed versus what gets collected?

So we had put the money in escrow, and the only people that could get access to the escrow were the attorneys.

We went to the escrow, the money was gone.

Dr.

Ueda had forged his attorney's name and taken the money and absconded with it.

Judge Carr had some kind words for Dr.

Ueda's attorney, who Dr.

Ueda hoodwinked along with everybody else.

So we had the judgment, but we didn't have the money.

Meanwhile, Munir had already like disappeared, like months ago.

He's kind of vanished in the dead of night.

When faced with that peer review for his almost $2 million in charges, Munir resigned his hospital privileges, which effectively squashed any inquiry.

Yeah, that squashes that.

Because I don't, you know, my peer review is about me.

I'm reviewing what's going on in my institution.

And if he's out of there, then I don't have the right to review him anymore.

Mark still doesn't know how much money Munir made while working in Van Wertz.

I guess our impression of Ueda was: okay, he was not a great partner.

He was not a great person to be associated with.

But then some of the things post-wise, I mean, I think one of the things that the California Bureau of Investigation asked me that really kind of said, holy crap, you know, maybe I'm, maybe we avoided a really bad situation when they asked me if I ever feared for my life.

You know, it's like, okay, why would I fear for my life?

Should I have been worried?

You know, my family lived there, all those types of things.

But I don't know that he had advanced that far.

I don't know that he was into it to the hundreds of millions of dollars, you know, and then the whole Juliana Redding thing, you know, maybe just got deeper and deeper.

But we just thought he was, you know, a basic crook.

Mark and his lawyers did eventually track Munir to California and they did get their money.

They may be the only ones to have gotten any money back from Dr.

Munir Ueda.

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Before the murder of Juliana Redding, before the alleged empire of corruption, Munir Ueda first made headlines in the gossip pages in Estonia.

My name is Holga Ronema.

I'm an investigative reporter from Estonia.

And the first article that I found mentioning Munir was published in October 1999.

So this is right at the same time things are going sideways in Venworts.

Definitely we were local celebrities.

Where is Estonia?

Just south of Finland.

Bordered by Russia in the east, Latvia in the south, and across the Baltic Sea from Stockholm, Sweden.

It's a small country.

The entire country is 1.3, 1.4 million people, so it's super tiny.

Tallinn, the capital, was an old medieval town.

Today it's close to a half million people.

It's a very lovely place to be.

And today it's known a lot for its really vibrant startup community.

So you got the boyfriend of two misses.

Miss Estonia 1988 runner-up.

Now being seen around town with Miss Estonia 1998.

People are gonna start talking.

You know that with any love triangle involving two misses, it will create quite a bit of attention and then people people will be talking about it.

So media did write about it quite a lot at that time.

The headline from November 15, 1999 reads, very direct, Kadre Valhatz with Eha Urbzaloos partner.

Then, not two months later, on January 4, 2000, did Khadre Valhatz secretly get married abroad?

The article says, from one Mrs.

Cuddle to another.

In recent months, Kadre Valhatz, who won the Miss Estonia title two years ago, has been in front of the lenses of photographers in the social media.

And not alone.

She is still in the photo series with a dark-blooded man.

The mysterious companion is former Miss Eha Urbselu's Lebanese partner, Munir.

And I'm just going to say this.

Certain outlets in the Estonian press do not seem to give AF.

about certain journalistic standards.

They call Munir at different times a, quote, womanizer, an exotic charmer, an evil genius, and pretty much just assume all the charges against him are true.

Different country, different rules, I guess.

It took just two months.

In the first reports, they were denying any romantic connections, and then later it was confirmed that, yeah, they actually did get married really fast.

I traded an email with Aha, but she didn't want to comment for the story.

We also emailed Kadri, but never heard back.

After the drama of the love triangle settled down, Munir and Kadre got down to business.

I think it was in 2000 that they started buying up real estate in Estonia.

Hoger's research shows they bought an apartment in the luxurious and exclusive old town Tallinn, a nearly 2,000 square foot apartment that would cost in the neighborhood of, say, three quarters of a million bucks today.

Then they bought an historic country manor.

Think like Bridgerton, big house with a collection of buildings, sprawling grounds, like an historic estate.

They bought it for 10 million Estonian crowns.

That would be about 1.5 million in today's dollars.

According to media reports, their goal was to turn it into a horse farm.

Yeah, it looks like it was never properly developed into a horse farm.

What I can find from one media report from 2004 is that allegedly they brought was it 10 or 12 Brazilian mastiff dogs as well.

They intended to bring a chimpanzee.

They need special permission to bring a chimpanzee from Lebanon to the farm.

The Estonian press also reported that around that same time, Munir was leaving Estonia quite often, leaving Kadri at home.

An article in the paper's Stars section is headlined, Munir and Kadri believe that the separation is temporary.

Qadri is quoted, the family is in Estonia, and being with the family makes Munir Munir happier than anything else.

So Qadri used that opportunity to express that she didn't really understand what that fuss was about, that we are clearly in love, we were looking into each other's eyes.

Even when Munir is in the United States doing his MBA, that we are calling each other two times a day, but we are clearly, clearly, clearly in love.

Sounds very much like what you'd see in like a Hollywood celebrities trying to quash rumors about whatever, you know.

Yeah,

I wouldn't know much about it.

Just going to say, Holger is a very accomplished investigative journalist, usually focused on Russia, financial crimes, stuff like that.

I did get the feeling that this celebrity gossip stuff was kind of beneath him.

During this period, Munir also pursued an MBA program at the very prestigious Morton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania.

Then, he started establishing a new medical practice, this time in California.

Holger dug into what was going on at the Country Manor in the early to mid-2000s.

What he found was that it seemed like, at least at first, Munir and Cadre had big plans for rehabbing the estate, turning it into a state-of-the-art equestrian center.

Think million-dollar horses, a genetic breeding program, very high-tech, very expensive, and potentially very, very lucrative.

But then, something changed.

So I've just arrived at Ferden and der Aalle.

Ferden under Alle is basically Fjorden on the river Aalle.

And as soon as you arrive in Fjorden and der Alle and you look at the train station where I am now, it says Reiterstadt,

which literally means rider's city or equestrian city.

This is Rob Hyde.

He's a freelance investigative reporter who's lived in Germany for over 20 years.

Sometime around 2002, so a year or more after that last article about family making Munier happiest, Munier was spending time in the German countryside in a small town called Verden.

Verden is smack dab in the middle of Germany's ancestral center for horse breeding and equestrian sports.

It's incredibly scenic.

You're riding through farms and you're seeing the windmills, all the fields,

and then the horses, and it kind of gets you in the mood of it.

According to German media reports, Munira's relationship with Ferdinand was deeper than a simple love for horses.

There is, you may have guessed it, a woman involved.

Her name is Julia Koffler.

She was 19 at the time.

He was 35.

And she was a real horse lover, but she was actually a waitress.

She was about to graduate from high school in 2002.

And then suddenly, this American businessman, you know, comes over and he puts a lot of effort, she said, into charming her.

So she said, quoting, he kept coming to town.

He took me out.

He was very charming.

And I liked him a lot.

And she was completely unaware that he had already married.

Rob's quoting from an interview with Julia published in 2016 in the German newspaper Kreitzeitung.

The article says that Julia identified a property near Ferdinand similar to the Estonian estate.

Julia says, quote, he wanted to buy something.

I found it with my contacts in Ferdinand.

This is it.

I knew immediately.

I talked him into it.

It was our project.

We both enjoyed it.

They named the horse farm Gestut Eichenhain, or Oak Grove Stud Farm.

Then, Julia moved to California to be with Munir.

In June 2006, they had twins.

But by late 2006, according to court records, they already were in a child custody custody battle that would last several years.

We reached out to Julia for this podcast, but she didn't want to comment.

I just want to stop and point out that everything we've been talking about so far in this episode, none of it is illegal.

Munir was buying real estate.

He was having romances and children.

He was having contract disputes.

He was living in Estonia, spending time in Germany, getting a fancy business degree, and starting from 2002, practicing medicine and starting to build a medical empire in Southern California.

All this is leading up to the summer when he met Juliana Redding.

Nothing here is illegal,

but

it is expensive, which leads to two very interesting and very pertinent questions.

How could Munir afford all this?

Where was the money coming from?

The one thing I could say with absolute certainty, California is the training center for all healthcare fraud and abuse.

I want to introduce you to a guy named Bill Reynolds.

Bill's been investigating medical fraud for 33 years.

He's been studying Munir Ueda for over a decade now.

My primary responsibility is California Work Comp.

The fraud and abuse is just rampant.

I had no idea.

He has stories for days about the depth, dangers, and outrageous characters in the workers' comp fraud world.

There was one doctor who he traveled from facility to facility, and he'd bring three physicians and assistants with him.

And each person, the doctor and the three PAs, would see 80 80 to 100 people in a day it was just a mill operation it was a traveling dock in the box they would hand the patients anywhere from 320 to 400 patients five pharmaceuticals it's like they were making hundreds of thousands of dollars a day and this is just one individual in there

it might sound super dry yes a lot of money but at the end of the day, it's, you know, insurance fraud, ripping off insurance companies.

I mean, who likes those guys?

But Bill's all, nah, man.

This is actually life and death.

Like, I had one individual who came to me.

I think I reviewed 500 surgeries.

I think it was 12% of the people

died within six months of having the surgery.

They would target Hispanics.

Hey, let's recruit these patients from Mexico.

So they'd offer them a pathway to citizenship.

Come here, file a work comp claim.

They would deplete them of half a million dollars of health care benefits,

hand the person a check for $25,000 and send them back across the border with a disability from a spinal surgery.

Work comp patients are like an ATM card.

They are a money generator for them.

They want to push him into all those business units and deplete him of all his benefits, and they don't care if he rehabs or not.

Bill says in the 2000s, most of the action in California was in pharmaceuticals.

During this period of time from 02 to 09, pharmaceuticals was the big dog.

50% of work comp, $13 billion.

They'd see doctors, clinics, and other medical providers billing insane amounts.

For example, take this drug, Renatadine.

This is a drug that they bought for $18

or paid $18 for, but they billed $532 for it.

Every single patient got this drug plus four additional.

And so

you can see how much money is made off of that.

But it was also everything else.

What I call the wheel of fortune.

The truly sophisticated operators would get business all around the wheel.

Transportation services to take patients to and from appointments, translation services for non-English speakers, prescriptions and pharmaceuticals, and also all the regular medical services from doctor's appointments to imaging and diagnostics, all the way up to full-on surgeries.

You just can't drop your guard around these guys because you're dealing with so much money.

So much money.

I mean,

a typical back surgery is 80 to 82,000.

On the average, these guys were 450 to 475,000.

Just the one corner of the wheel of fortune was almost a half million dollars.

Another example is that doctors would find loopholes in order to bill more.

Say a doctor wants to give you an injection for pain.

In his office, he could bill, say, $800 for that.

But if you happen to have another office right across the hall that has an EKG machine, some oxygen in the corner in case something happens, Suddenly it's an ambulatory surgical center and you can bill $15,000 for the exact same procedure.

But nothing never ever happens.

It's just a loose nugget in the law that allows them to capitalize on that.

So we're talking about lots and lots and lots and lots and lots and lots and lots and lots of money, like hundreds of millions of dollars.

And patients, some of whom actually need real care, are unknowingly slipping into this medical netherworld where they become, well, like an ATM cart.

So this is the Southern California workers' comp world that, after leaving Ohio, hanging out in Estonia for a little while, a little German vacation, an MBA from the Wharton School, Munir Ueda decides to set up shopping.

In 2004, Munir sets up a company called Frontline Medical.

His empire would eventually grow to include over 30 different companies, all of which authorities allege were controlled by him in some way or another.

Even though the actual names on the companies, the majority owners, the directors, the officers, etc.,

were not him.

These companies were all around that wheel of fortune.

MRI and imaging companies, a surgery center, a pharmaceutical company, a transportation company.

The list goes on.

Bill says, back then, there were two players who were just milking the hell out of the workers' comp system.

And through his investigation, he can see when Munir started working with them.

I know that one of the contracts he had was dated back in 2002.

So that's probably the start of his transition into the California fraud scheme.

What I can tell you is that in 2005, there were complaints about Munir that he wasn't performing his own surgeries.

I mentioned this in an earlier episode.

It eventually turned into an investigation by the California Medical Board that became a formal disciplinary action and would eventually lead to his medical license being revoked.

Why would he do this?

Well, it could be any number of reasons.

Maybe he wanted more billings.

There are examples in the early 2000s of doctors claiming to do multiple surgeries a day, some by their physician assistants, and then billing for over a million dollars for one day's work.

It's just unconscionable and one of the individual doctors he started at five o'clock in the morning and my partner went over and finally got him to come out around nine o'clock from the operating room in his scrubs and while he's talking to him

the guy's drunk off his ass.

He's doing these surgeries drunk.

And the hospital was turning their head to this because

he's bringing in too much money.

Maybe Munir was just too busy to do the surgeries himself.

He was growing a medical empire, after all, and that takes time.

It takes a lot of phone calls.

You're managing a whole staff, multiple staffs.

Regardless, Bill says, each innovation and fraud quickly spread.

Everyone was learning from each other, working together, referring to each other, getting kickbacks for those referrals.

You figure out a unique new way to built the system?

Well, once one individual does that, oh man, the train has left the station, it's being replicated by provider after provider.

The greedy you are, the deeper you're going to go.

He thinks Munir learned from these fraudster bigwigs, and soon, he says, rose to the top.

It was follow the money.

I equate it just like a drug dealer.

You got a drug dealer who's dealing grams, and then you go to the next guy who's dealing an eight ball to a pound and the guy who's stealing a kilo and then a multi-kilo.

Well, that's how I equated Ueda.

He followed that money to get up to be the top of the pyramid.

And for the most part, it was fine.

Business was humming.

Sure, some other insurance investigators were digging into frontline medical and Munir,

but the authorities, they had murderers to catch thieves to deal with crimes where there was a clear victim a clear perpetrator and cases that opened and closed

until juliana redding was found brutally murdered

this was a slow brutal murder a santa monica detective investigating the murder of juliana redding started hearing things not about the murder but something with even more victims and money.

Lots of money.

Her investigation led her to a Santa Monica storage facility.

She opened a door, she looked inside, and found boxes.

Boxes and boxes and boxes.

It became obvious that these documents related to dozens and dozens of shell companies or other companies that were related to Ueda that touched on what the homicide detective was hearing from witnesses, allegations that he was engaged in massive health care fraud.

Next time, on doctor's orders.

From that point on, I was going to the medical clinic at least twice a week.

It just hurt so bad, I can't even describe it.

And I was like popping pills.

Had a real estate empire.

He had racing cars.

He had dogs.

He had horses.

He was running all these things.

How does one person do all that?

One of the first pieces of evidence that we found was a bill that was submitted to an insurance company for treatment by a doctor.

Well, that doctor on that date was in jail.

That's in episode five, Ashes to Ashes.

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Doctor's Orders is produced by Western Sound for Sony Music Entertainment's The Binge.

The executive producer and host is me, Ben Adair.

The executive producer for The Binge is Jonathan Hirsch.

Doctor's Orders was written and produced by Nada Salem.

It was edited by Ben Adair.

Lila Hassan is our fact-checker.

Legal review by Davis Wright-Tremaine, LLP.

Michael Rayfield is the mix engineer.

Next up, episode five: Ashes to Ashes.

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