137: No Such Thing As Churchill's Secret Parrot

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B21. B21.

Hi, everybody. Welcome back to No Such Thing as a Fish, a weekly podcast coming to you from the QI offices in Covent Garden.

My name is Andrew Hunter Murray, and I am sitting here with Anna Dzinski, James Harkin, and Anne Miller.

And once again, we have gathered around the microphones with our four favourite facts not from the last seven days from our new book. Oh my goodness we've written a book.

It's called 1342QI Facts to Leave You Flabbergasted and it is out now.

To celebrate that and plug the book we have each brought our favourite fact from the book and starting in no particular order we begin with James.

Okay, my fact is that four-year-old mice are less common than 100-year-old humans. Nice.

Mind you, all 100 year old humans are very posh, aren't they? So.

I see. It's a play on the word common.

I don't know how you class a mouse though. What do you mean?

Do they're also very posh? Do they're like Cheddar or Emental or baby bells? Yarg.

So yeah, this is just simply a fact that mice don't live very long. Yeah, it's unbelievable that they're so short-lived.
I know. It's not extraordinary.
I mean they're tiny.

That's interesting what you say, Andy, because you're equating smallness with lack of longevity.

Do you think that's true in general? No, I guess, because they're

tortoises.

Mollusks.

Yeah, true. All right, I take it all back.
Parrots?

Bigger than a tardy grader. Parrot, smaller than a pensioner.
They're quite small. They're bigger than a mouse, as they're both.
But they live a long time, parrots. Oh, yeah.

Yeah, there's one parrot called Charlie the Parrot whose owner claims he's 117 and used to belong to Winston Churchill. But what I like is if one's looked into this, and so Mr.

Oram, who owns him now, says his father-in-law sold him to a Churchill in 1937 and then got him back when Churchill died.

And the Churchill family and all historians have questioned this and say they can't find any evidence that Churchill owned a parrot.

And I would have just thought, like, obviously we'd know if Churchill had a pet parrot, right?

No, I don't think we would because, do you remember there was that thing when phrobies came out and they were banned from government offices because they could repeat things.

So if he had a parrot, he would have to be an illegal person. Because he might repeat all the secrets.
So you couldn't tell anyone that you had a parrot. So they'd kill the parrot.

Churchill had a secret parrot, is what we're saying. This is the greatest conspiracy fact.

So the world's oldest mouse, which is an article about whom I found this fact, is called Yoda.

And Yoda celebrated his fourth birthday on April the 10th. Yeah, yeah, and he got to the age of four.
And this is the quote, in a pathogen-free rest home for geriatric mice.

And he had a cagemate called Princess Leia.

And I said this, I mentioned this to Dan, who was sitting in the room when I was doing my research earlier. And Dan very dismissively said,

they didn't even meet.

So that Yoda, basically, if you're four years old as a mouse, that's the equivalence of 136 in human years. Wow.

So it's very old. Yeah.
Well, it's older than any human's ever been. Yeah.

So well done, mice. They've beaten us in a way.
Sort of. We've definitely beaten them.

It's weird though, because they're doing a lot lot of experiments into how to make mice live longer in the hope that we can then make humans live longer the same way.

And one thing that does work is calorie restricted diets that they just live longer when you give them less calories.

But lots of mice in cages are fed a diet which is almost exclusively starch and sugar. It's like feeding someone doughnuts basically and expecting them to get to a ripe old age.

Although they, I mean, when they eat in the wild, they live less long than when they eat in captivity and they eat more than starch and sugar in the wild, presumably.

I guess the wild is a less easy habitat to get to an an old age in because it's, you know, you're outdoors and you're exposed to the elements. It's slightly less than a pathogen-free rest home.
Yeah,

the cage mate.

There was a guy already at four last week who was saying that domestic cats should all be euthanised and no one should be allowed them because they cause such devastation to the bird population.

Yeah, I've heard that. Yeah.

He's getting very angry. They kill lots of other small animals, and I think I've heard that, especially in Australia, they're trying to, you know, get rid of cats.

I think they've destroyed something like 65 bird species in the last 50 years.

There's quite a lot of species to have got rid of.

I was looking at a research lab called the Jackson Lab, which I think this one was in Maine, and they had mice

who they said were four and a half. Have I written that down? Well, they must be three and a half, if this is the oldest.

But they had mice who they said were four and a half, which they said is over twice the life expectancy. And I quite like this quote.

So the researcher who's working with the most closely said, the mice are two girls, and she's become really, really really attached to them.

So she totally loves them now and she treats them really, really well.

And she says, we move them to a new cage and we take care when we pick them up to cup them in our hands rather than pick them up by the tail with the forceps.

It's the luxury mice. Yeah.
It's the level of extreme care and attention they get.

My uh friend told me that because rabbits are natural prey, every time you pick up a rabbit it thinks it's about to be eaten so it's really stressful for rabbits to be handled.

So you pick them up really gently, let it go down to them because otherwise you think you're picking up for a hug, it thinks yeah they're that's why they're complete bastards when you pick them them up.

Terrified, dude. I don't suppose any animals really think when you pick them up that they're going to get a hug.

They should be consistently, pleasantly surprised in that case. Rebbers are so ungrateful.
Have you guys heard of the Black Six C57BL-6?

Slash-6? Yeah, no. Is that your one?

This is so cool. This is a particular kind of mouse which gets used in almost all experiments.
It's like the standard currency of mouse experiments.

Five in six American research mice are this one very particular strain. It was created in 1921.
I read a huge thing, there's a huge article on Slate about them.

Created in 1921 when a mouse codenamed C52 mounted one called C57 and deposited its semen in her reproductive tract with a waxy plug. That's a very sexy article you've been reading.

And so basically almost all experiments in America on mice are done on them and most experiments on animals are done on mice. So it's, you know, most of most of them.

But the problem is, we think that they're kind of standard mice and they're treated as such in experiments, but they're really unusual.

They all think they're special. Well, no, they are special.
This is the interesting thing, because

they're susceptible to morphine addiction and they like alcohol. And

normal makes it special, does it? Normal mice, I'm afraid not, Jane.

It doesn't make you special.

But they're exceptional in their pain responses and other things like this. So actually, there's no such thing as a perfect average mouse to experiment on.

That's really interesting because what you lose by having the mouse be one kind, you gain because all your experiments are controlled by the same kind of mice. Exactly.
Yeah, that's true.

And one thing it does, it does mouse barbering behavior.

Cutting mice hair. Yeah.

This is where you have several different mice in the same cage. The dominant mouse will selectively remove hair from its cage mates to show that it's in charge.
Oh,

so all the subordinate mice are going going around with little bulb patches on them. Really? Oh, wow, to mark them out as his slaves.
Yeah.

Actually, speaking of mice stress, you know, mice are more stressed around men than around women, and they've just discovered this, and they think it's going to have to be controlled for in future experiments with mice.

Do we know why?

So we assume it's because they have a reaction to the testosterone, so they just have the same reaction as they do to male mice, and a male is often going to be more bellicose, I suppose.

Just male mice are just ardent feminists, and they get really annoyed with the patriarchy. It could be that.

They definitely release more of of this stress hormone, so they put male researchers with mice, and their bodies course through with all these hormones that they don't have when they're with females.

But yeah, it means in the future, when you're doing experiments, we need to control for that because their bodies are behaving completely differently depending on who's working on them.

Women become more stressed when I approach them than when another woman approaches them. Yeah, I've noticed that.
Does that make me a mouse? No, no, it makes you a researcher a lemma mouse.

I don't think it works, does it?

It's not just women, though, Andy, is it?

People. People become stressed when I approach them.
And mice, actually.

Did you say they've made transparent mice? No.

Do they? Yeah, they. I mean, no, you obviously wouldn't see that they've made transparent mice, would you? Where have the transparent mice? Oh, no, it's okay.
They're still there. Come on, Andy.

You can see a window.

Can you? Can you?

You can see a window frame. You can see where the window is.
I'm looking at the window right now, and I'm doubting. I have these amazing eyes that can see the molecules in the window.

They can see reflections and little bits of grime. Okay, these mice.
Mice. They've got fingerprints all over them.
Yes.

So, scientists have made transparent mice, and this is on something they do to mice after they've died.

Is they inject chemicals into them and they pump these chemicals through their blood vessels, through their brain, through their spinal cords, through all their organs, and it gets rid of hemi, H-E-M-E, which is the stuff in hemoglobin, and that's what gives a lot of the stuff in their body its colour and other stuff that's

creating obstacles to the eyes. And it makes them completely transparent, but it means that we can study them much more easily.

Because usually when you're studying dead mice's organs let's say you've got a diabetic mouse and you want to work out what how that works then you'd have to cut the organs up and you could distort them but in this way you can just look at it from the outside and see everything inside it sure it'd be more useful to have uh transparent living mice i think i know i think they're working on that are they didn't yeah didn't you find a thing in in QI about putting windows in cows yeah so they put these windows in cows stomachs which means that you can if a cow's got a stomach infection you can just insert whatever is needed to be inserted into the cow's stomach to make its infection better.

That's very cool.

Other old animals? Oh, yeah. Greenland sharks.
Yes. They're really old.
They've recently found out that they might live up to around 400 years, maybe even older. What?

They looked at some females, 28 female Greenland sharks, and they worked out that the oldest one was somewhere between 272 years old and 512 years old.

Isn't it the Greenland shark where they didn't know until quite recently how long they actually lived? This is like it could be anywhere between like 20 and 400 years and no one knew.

Well, still it's anywhere between 272 and 512, which is quite a big discrepancy.

1744,

that that one would have been born. The 272 one.
Yeah, if it was shot. It's a shame they couldn't have been born in a year where one of us had a useful historical reference to compare it to.

What was that? 1744. Anyone got anything?

Not the top of my head.

So one of the King George's was on the throne.

Great. Thanks, Andy.
That's really.

Imagine that. Have you heard of Claire Hollingworth? Claire Hollingworth? Yeah.
No, no.

I was on the list of Wikipedia centenarians, basically. They have all these categories, and they've got

sports people, and they've got artists, and they've got scientists, and they've also got a miscellaneous category. Absolutely, yes, please.

And Claire Hollingworth was the journalist who basically discovered the Second World War.

She was 27. Wait, wait, how did you discover the Second World War? Well, she broke the story in Britain, basically.

And when I say that, she was 27. She was a brand new journalist, as in she had just met the editor of the Telegraph and said, why don't you hire me and why don't you send me to Poland?

So he relented and sent her to Poland. And a few days into her trip, she was returning to Poland after a cross-border trip into Germany.

And she noticed all the way along the road, there were these big screens of Hessian up alongside the road. And the wind blew one of them up and it revealed loads of German

loads of German tanks. No way did Germany invade Poland behind a load of screens

and then the wind blew and they're like, oh dumb! It's very scooby. I've got a win with that.
It's very scooby-doo, isn't it? This is what happened. No, it isn't.
It is.

This was from The Guardian. I trust The Guardian.
Has anyone checked whether Germany's invaded anywhere else recently?

Look for the Hessian screens. Wait, how? I have no idea how that's related to what we're talking about.
Centenarian, she lived to 100. Sorry.

She's more common than a four-year-old mouse. Nice.

Yeah, centenarian. So I was looking up some things about aging and how we can age better.
And so, you know, people always go and look at villages and towns that are full of really, really old people.

And so the latest is a report in NPR which looked at the village of Acchiaroli in Italy. And it has 300 people in it who are over 100, which is a third of the population of that village.

And so a doctor went there and did a little study and noted that there were two dietary habits. And I basically mentioned this so people can take it on board and imitate it.

He said that everyone ate anchovies at every meal and they had rosemary with everything.

And that's the key. That's the secret?

That's weird, isn't it? Because I wouldn't have, personally, just wouldn't put those two things together.

But every meal. They're having every meal, anchovies and rosemary.
Look, they're not enjoying the taste, James, but it makes them live so long.

I like that, but that's a solid bit of advice. I looked at these tips too, and they're brilliant because they always contradict each other.

And there's one where if you sleep for fewer than six hours a night, you're four times as likely to die.

But if you sleep for more seven to eight hours, 30% higher chance of death, which means you need to sleep for basically exactly six hours, according to these studies, or you're going to die.

I mean, you're going to die anyway. Probably going to die anyway, is the problem.
I'm not.

This one's worrying. It said that for every hour of TV you watch after the age of 25, you knock off 22 minutes off your life expectancy.

What if you're watching an hour-long documentary on how to extend your life?

It's call a paradox.

I would do that for quite a lot of TV shows. I would take that hit.
What about Gogglebox? Absolutely.

Gogglebox is the best one to watch because you get lots of TV in one show. I was going to say,

if you're watching someone watching TV, is that 44-minute shows?

Double penalties. Some more centenarians, just going back to what Andy was saying before.

My incredibly relevant story about Claire Hollingworth.

Isn't that cool? That's what we discussed. Anyway, sorry, amazing.
Emma Murano or Moreno is the oldest person in the world at the moment.

She is the only person born in the 19th century who's still alive. She's the oldest Italian, as well as the oldest of everyone.

What I mean to say is she's Italian.

And she's the oldest from her tiny Italian village. What a coincidence.

She credits her long life to her diet of raw eggs and being single. I think what she means is she credits being single to her diet of raw eggs.

The oldest man is a guy called Israel Christal, and he's 45 years older than the state of Israel. Wow.
Oh,

great. Good one.
So it was named after him. No, no.
No, it was. No, I was being very careful.
Chronologically,

it was named after him.

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Okay, it's time for fact number two, and that is Anna.

My fact this week is that the detective agency that hunted Butch Cassidy also worked for Coca-Cola. Yes, I just really loved this overlapping of its two roles.

So, this is a detective agency called the Pinkerton Detective Agency, and it was a very big deal in the 19th century.

It was a bunch of detectives were hired to hunt down all the greats of the Wild West.

So, they hunted Butch and the Sundance Kid, they hunted Jesse James for years, and also they were employed in 1916 by this guy called Harold Hirsch, who wanted to spy on other companies and make sure they weren't stealing Coca-Cola's trademark because he was running Coca-Cola at the time.

And yeah, he sent them undercover to soda fountains.

Almost as dangerous as going after butchcasts.

Can you imagine that career step after being in a shootout with the Sundance kid? I'm going to send you to a soda fountain undercover to collect samples of coca and check.

To be fair, there were a lot of imitations. I found a list of all the companies that they went after for using their name.
Do you want to hear some? Yeah. Some of them are very close.

So they went after a candy cola, celery cola, Coca Cola, Coca-Cola, all with K's, Cola Coke with a C, then a K, Coca and Cola hyphenated, Cola Rica, Yes, it's a Cola, and koala.

Coca-Cola, all with K's is especially egregious. That's outrageous.
I saw Coke, K-O-K-E, and they also went after a company called Dope. Dope.
Yeah, dope and Coke.

They were made by the same manufacturer who'd actually been a partner of the guy who went on to set up Coca-Cola. But yeah, they called it dope.
So the

Coca-Cola company sort of begged people in its advertising not to refer to their drink as Coke because that made it much easier to copy'cause so many drinks are called Coke.

But people still did call it Coke, as we do, but equally they called it dope. So you'd say, Can I have a cup of dope?

And that was obviously a reference to its former cocaine content, so people knew it as the drink that had the drugs in it. It didn't have actual cocaine in it, did it?

It had the is it coca leaves or it had yeah, it had uh I think it had basically cocaine in it. What was interesting was that when it was taken out of Coca-Cola at the very

turn of the century, they still, in their advertising, implied that it contained cocaine because they still wanted people to think they were going to get that kick.

And so they used to get in trouble, and there was a lawsuit filed against them for implying that their drink contained cocaine when outrageously it didn't. That's fantastic.

Should we also say who Butch Cassidy was? Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah.
So Butch Cassidy, for those of you who haven't seen one of the greatest films ever made, was a Wild West outlaw in the 1800s.

And he conducted various train robberies. He was hunted by this Pinkerton agency.
So in Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, it's these detectives who are always on their tail.

And eventually they drove them out of America and they ended up in Bolivia. And then there's lots of theories about what happened to them.
So it's assumed they were killed in a shootout in Bolivia.

And that's how the film ends, certainly. Or actually, you don't see them die in the film, do you? No.
Spoiler very much alert.

Sorry, Sorry, that is true.

But yeah, there are lots of theories. So apparently there was a guy called William T.
Phillips who surfaced in America in 1908 or 1909.

And he was recognized by a bunch of people, a bunch of policemen who'd chased Butch in the olden days, and his ex-girlfriend.

And this guy's adopted son says it had always been accepted in the family that he'd been Butch Cassidy. And he even wrote this manuscript in 1934, William T.

Phillips, saying this is what happened to Butch Cassidy, without saying, that's who I am.

But saying, Butch Cassidy got away at the shootout, the Sundance kid was killed.

So there's little details that he threw in as well. It was really detailed

biography. Yeah.
And he didn't die until 1934.

So the former president of Bolivia, René Berrientos, he actually investigated the idea that Butch and Sundance had been killed in a shootout outside of Bolivian Bank.

And then he interviewed villagers personally who had been, you know, witnesses or nearly witnesses, and he checked out army files. And I've got in my notes that he dug up bodies.

I think actually he had bodies dug up.

But he eventually concluded that the shootout story was a fabrication. Did he? Yeah.

Although there is a town in Bolivia that says this is the resting place, or here lie Butch Casty and The Sundance Kid, don't they? I think it's called San Vicente. Oh, really?

You would do for the tourism, wouldn't you? You wouldn't say Bush and Sundance got away from this place.

That's true. Did you know that the movie was originally called The Sundance Kid and Butch Casty? Was it? No way.
Wow, that's one of the worst ever names for for a film.

It feels like that to us now, doesn't it? Yeah, we'll never know if it would have felt absolutely normal. Yeah.
Because Paul Newman was going to play Sundance. That's right.

But then they needed to switch that over for some reason.

And then they had a thing where, oddly, Robert Redford, who wasn't as big a star, was then going to be playing Sundance, and Sundance was going to be first in the name of the film.

So then they said, well, we have to switch the name of the film as well now. That doesn't make any sense.
Sundance was the protege.

It would have been totally ridiculous and not in accordance with the real history of the thing. All right.
Okay.

But yeah, I think I said in a, I might have said before that he had a Lancastrian accent. Was it this? This might have been...

Well, his father and mother both came from the north of England and didn't move to America until quite late on in life. Sounds great.
Oh, yeah. Suddenly a one-over.

Well, you know, people always say that I sound like a real butch Wild West. And you really remind me of Paul Newman, so yeah.

I don't know what he looks like, but I can only imagine. Oh, I mean, he's the most attractive man ever born.
I can see where you're coming from now.

The Pinkerton detectives, then, do you guys have stuff on that?

Their motto. Okay, what was their motto? We never sleep.
We never sleep, and also we're chronically exhausted.

I read in one place that their logo was a large black and white eye, and that's supposedly where the phrase private eye comes from. Yeah.

That's true. Do you know who Pinkerton was? He was a barrel maker.
So he's from Scotland and living near Chicago. Oh, I like him where he is.
One night

he went to the woods to get more wood for staves to make into barrels and he found the remains of a campsite and he got suspicious and he went back the following night and he found a group of counterfeiters making coins and he got the gang arrested and everyone said, oh, great job, Pinkerton.

You should investigate more of these counterfeiting cases. And so he did.
He just started investigating things and then set up this enormous countrywide agency.

So he had a Scottish accent and Cassidy had a Lancastrian accent. So if they ever do an audio play of this, then Anne and I could play the two.

Yeah!

And I think there are agents already with phones ringing off the hook next door.

But I think they were seen as a threat, the Pinkertons, by the end of the 19th century, and in fact, were forced to disband because they were so big and the government law enforcement didn't like that they were posing this threat.

So, they were larger than the US military by the by so they were larger than the U.S. military by the 1890s.

They had 2,000 people full-time on their books and they had 30,000 reserves, which is more men than in the standing army.

For detective work. I know.
Yeah. That's amazing.
It is amazing. They were all reserves, of course, so I don't know if they could have called them all up full-time.

No, I think they all had normal jobs probably most of the time and then sort of spied on people as a hobby at weekends and said, I'm a Pinkerton.

Do you know what Pepsi was originally called? What? Brad's drink.

Was it just for Brad? It was just for Brad. It was Caleb Bradham, who was the inventor.
And it was named, it was like Coca-Cola, but it didn't have any coca in it.

So I think they were casting around desperately for another name. It's interesting that Coca-Cola, these days, you could buy a bottle with the word Brad on it.
That must really sting to Pepsi.

Yeah, that's a good point.

Ouch.

Freud said it cured his depression and made him more sexually active. Cocaine.
Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola there.

Yeah. They would say, what would you like to drink? And he'd go, Coke.
Coke!

Okay, it's time for fact number three, which is my fact, which is that you cannot get to the highest point of Mauritania with a compass.

Right.

Well, you can get to it, you can take your compass with you, but you can't use a compass to navigate to it, even if you have a map and your position, because it's completely made of magnetite with the mountain, which is a natural magnet, and as a result, it'll send your compass completely haywire.

Well, you would think, actually, that no matter where you were in the world, if you were close enough, it would point you towards this massive mountain. So actually, it would work really well.

It wouldn't get you to the top, would it? Because it would just point directly down at the mountain once you got it. So it would get you to the base of the mountain.
That's a pretty good point.

But it would be perfect for getting to the base of the mountain. And then it's useless.
I read this amazing article this week, I think it was on cracked, about

life-saving tips and things that you should know. And they said that if you get caught in an avalanche, everything is white, so you don't know which way is down.

So what you should do is you should clear clear some space around your mouth and spit. And whichever way the spit falls, you know which is down.
So you go down the way.

Do you really think you wouldn't know which way was up and down? Because you still have gravity. You're still going to be light-headed.
I sometimes get that in bed. Do you? Yeah.

Do you spit on your face?

You know the thing where you're lying about a momentarily, you don't know which way you're facing? Sure, but that's not really the same.

The one where you can't breathe, that's you're facing into the pillow angle.

This mountain, just to say, is blue, isn't it? Yeah.

So you could definitely find it without a compass. I think it's the magnetite that that makes it blue.
So from above, you can identify it.

And there's this other amazing thing in Mauritania, which is 25 kilometers wide, but we didn't know it existed until we had the ability to fly.

This is the thing called the Eye of the Sahara, and it was hidden for many, many millennia. It's this beautiful swirling rock formation.

It's these blue rocks, and it looks like a big bullseye, but no one noticed it was there until, I think it was when we went to space, or maybe when someone was flying over it, but from space they say it becomes particularly striking because it's in the middle of the Sahara so there's nothing all around and this huge blue swirl.

Gemini 4 in 1965 was when they discovered it. What was it? Yeah.
And we have no idea what it is do we?

They thought it was from an asteroid but now they don't think so and now they're saying they think it's seismic activity pushing this dome up but why is it a circle? They have no idea.

Yeah some kind of uplift.

It does happen fairly often but not very often in a circular way. Yeah.

It's basically like art attack when you'd be doing the big one and you wouldn't know what it was and then then they'd pan out at the end and you'd see it. That's what they basically this is like.

Yeah, that was great. Yeah.
Bloody loved that.

Mauritania is an interesting country. It's 90% Sahara Desert.
It's only got 3.5 million people and yet they have found the time to have 11 coups or attempted coups since 1960. 11 coups? That's a lot.

Yeah.

It's a good solidarity.

And also they still have loads of slavery. The most coups is Bolivia, isn't it? I think.
They've had loads. They've had something like 191 in their 190-year history.

They've had certainly had one more coup than they've had years. Yeah, that's brilliant.
Well, that'll be the cocaine.

And there was a really weird incident. Did you see this, 2012 in Mauritania, where the president was shot, and then they said, oh, the president's been shot by accident.

It's fine, it was a mistake and just a bit of a mix-up. And it's all fine now.
And that may have been a... you know, an aborted coup or something like that.
Really? Bizarre, yeah.

Some things on highest points. Oh, yeah.
There's there's a list of highest points of countries on uh wikipedia um murray hill is the highest point of christmas island

it's nice facts i'm absolutely chuffed do you think there are many tennis fans who have accidentally booked a trip to murray hill

uh the highest point of um the french polynesian island territory of wallace and futuna is called mount puke no

yeah yeah p-u-k-e but it's pronounced puke

wallace and futuna is one of the quietest places in the world. It is so.

Have you been there? Have you been?

No, I haven't, but James and I did a thing where we were researching loads and loads of countries, and James started at the beginning of the alphabet, and I started at the end.

And let's just say, the afternoon I spent researching Wallace and Fetuna was pretty slow. Did you find the Mount Puke thing? I think I did.
Yeah. You must have done the other one.

I think there's not much else. I mean, there are about two things on there, and one of them is a place called Mount Puke.
It's quite hard, even for a researcher of my limited ability, to find it.

Is it even a volcano? Because that might make sense.

It's puking again.

It comes from the Polynesian word puke, which means mound. I see.
Puke-puke means like an uneven surface or something with lots of mounds. So does it mean mountain mound? Yeah.

Do you think they get annoyed with having to explain to every single British lad tourist who comes that it's pronounced puke? No, there are no British lad tourists on Wallace and Fatuna.

Actually, I'm just looking up Wallace and Fatuna now. I'm just going to see what gems I can

find.

No one has opened this file since the 25th of October 2011. This is very exciting.
This is like ancient history.

Yeah. Do you want another mountain fact from the book while you're looking at it?

So the highest point of Canada was only determined in 1992.

Really? Really? Yeah, weren't sure before then.

And

when Edmund Hillary got to the top of Everest, he celebrated by having a wee.

That's how I usually celebrate.

Actually, you've been celebrating a bit much around the office recently, Anna, to be honest. It's true.
It was my birthday yesterday, Anna.

I thought you'd appreciate it. I left it on your desk and everything.

Can we see what else is in that wallis of petuna? Guys, it's pretty thin, groovy.

Population.

Population is 15,400, which is about a tenth that of Swindon.

That's good. That's okay, okay.
It was the only French colony to side with the Vichy collaborationist government

during the Second World War. Yeah.

And that lasted until a regiment of U.S. Marines arrived in 1942 and said, uh-uh-uh.

Cannibalism was banned there in 1830.

Oh, that's quite ahead of its time. Yeah.

For cannibalism.

No, is it not in Polynesia? Cannibalism's still technically not illegal in the UK. You're right.

There's not a specific law. Basically, they'll do you for something.
But not that. So you could be done for desecrating a grave or a corpse or removal of evidence.

Yeah, there's a lot of things you can get done for, but specifically cannibalism is not illegal in the UK, but it is illegal in Wallace and Fatuna. And has been for a while.

Actually, Mauritania was the last country in the world to abolish slavery, which it did in 2007. 2007? Yeah, and it didn't make it a crime until 2012.

But it's still, the thing is, I've read reports saying that it still happens a lot.

That's four years out. It's not long to change.

This is, I mean, such rough estimates, between 4% and 20% of the population are still enslaved. What? Although,

in the interest of balance, I think the Mauritanian government has denied s that has said that foreign reports of it are exaggerated.

Should we talk a bit about magnets for legal safety? Yes, magnets. Did you know that deer line up from north to south even when fleeing? Do they?

Even if that involves fleeing straight into the hands of the person that running away from a home.

Actually, it might make sense because it keeps the herd of animals together. Unless, of course, they run into the bread.

You wouldn't bump into anyone because you're all going parallel to one another. Exactly, yeah.

I've always meant to study this with dogs, you know, when they say that dogs poo and line with the Earth's magnetic field or something.

And I know people have done studies, but I'm actually going to go to Richmond Park this weekend. I don't have much on and see if this is actually true because it so doesn't feel like it's true.

You're going to go and chase deer and see if they run the reference. I run.
Yeah.

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Okay, it's time for the final fact, and that is And.

My fact is that in 2015, a plane had to make an emergency landing after the smoke alarm was triggered by farting sheep.

Amazing. It was over 2,000 sheep in the cargo hold, and the alarms went off, and it appears to be that the methane emitted by the sheep triggered the alarm.
Could not believe that you can

transport 2,000 sheep on a plane. Lot of sheep.
That is a lot of sheep. Well, I guess they kind of.

They don't demand the same leg room, maybe. Well, the world record for people on the flight is 1,088, and two of those were born during the flight.
Was that an airlift out of Israel or something?

Wasn't it out of Africa and into Israel? You're right, it was. Out of Ethiopia and into Israel.
Yes, in 1991.

Yeah, it was a Jewish community who were at risk of a war or something in Israel after an airlift or something.

But yeah, it's incredible, this fact.

This happened again in November last year with goats on a different plane.

That's so weird. It could happen again in 2014 with cows on a different plane.

Guess what the headline in the Sun article was about the farting goats on the plane? Goats on a plane? Not bad.

It's about farting, specifically farting. Oh, gas.
And goats. Gas goats.

Most famous goat.

Billy Goat Gas. Billy Goat Guff.

Billy Goat Gas. Gut's better than Billy Goat Gas.
Billy Goat Guff was the Sun headline. Great.

Yes, it does seem to be weirdly common. They need to get better alarms, I think.
I suppose if the alarm goes off, you're better off not being like, oh, it's probably the farts.

And then your plane goes down. It's way better to land and be like, oh, we're a fan.
But sir, there are no sheep on board. It's fine.
It's always the farm animals.

Actually, in 2014, it was the fire alarm, not the smoke alarm, and I think it was caused by the cows overheating.

Oh, no, the heat sensors.

Yeah, exactly. And they thought it was a fire, and they landed in case it was.
In 2012, a plane had to make a landing after a cobra got out of someone's hand luggage. Wow.

Yeah.

And it bit its owner and escaped. And the owner said, oh, I'm fine, I'm fine.
They're like, you need to get off the plane now.

If someone didn't quote Samuel L. Jackson at that moment that is the greatest travesty ever known to man okay what about maggots on a plane

don't you see that they're sort of mini snakes go on

the line this was a US Airways flight Atlanta airport was it wasn't allowed to take off actually because maggots started falling out of the overhead compartments oh my god

someone had left a container of old meat

and it caused a delay this was at it was a flight to Charlotte and someone said that there was only one maggot landed on her, but she felt like they were crawling all over me because it only takes one maggot to upset your world.

I think it's fair.

And as they're telling us to stay calm and seated, I see a maggot looking back at me and I'm thinking these are anaerobic flesh-eating larvae that the flight attendants don't have to sit with.

But I like that thought that they're anaerobic. Yeah, rather than just

was she a chemist? I don't

I think these are bloody maggots. Get me off.
Yeah, moving my seat. Okay, they're just fly larvae though.
Not just, they are anaerobic fly larvae. Oh, that's a very good point.
I hope you said it.

All right.

There was a flight got rounded for human flatulence in 2006 after a lady was farting on a plane, but she was a bit embarrassed, and to get rid of the smell, she lit a match,

which you really shouldn't do on planes. You can stand in the in the blue compartment, can't you? No, they're very clear.
You're not allowed to light anything in the loo.

They've got smoke sensors, sensors, I know, but that's the sort of people smoking cigarettes, isn't it? Yeah, you're not supposed to be lighting matches in a pressurized environment.

I think people smelled sulphur. God, I've been getting away with it for years and years.
I always have a joststick on a plane to calm myself down.

Well, here's a headline from March 2015. BA flight forced to land early because of smelly poo.

It was a flight to Dubai from Heathrow. And one passenger said, we knew something was a bit odd.

About 10 minutes later, the pilot said, you may have noticed there's quite a pungent smell coming from one of the toilets. He said it was liquid fecal excrement.
Those are the words he used.

But the plane was in the air for 30 minutes and it then got turned around.

I had to go back to Heathrow because apparently it was a risk because they only recycle half the air and this was so smelly apparently.

It was 15 hours until the next flight left, so they had to all stay overnight. It wasn't like they had to wait that long for the smell to go obviously.

I think I'd leave it for 15 hours if I just destroyed the plane in the end.

That's very good. I was on a plane recently and I was chatting to the excellent air hostess because it was quite late and I ordered a toasting.

And I saw her do this hand signal to the person at the other end of the plane, like a crocodile. And I said, oh, what's that? And she said, it's because

one person's at the front doing the food and one's taking the orders down the plane. And rather than yelling, they have hand signals.

So toasty is a crocodile because it's like a croc machine in France. That's good.

A smiley face, holding your hand to make a smile, is this cheese sandwich. Cheesy, great.
Oh, no.

Tapping your shoulder is chips, because chip on the shoulder. They have a whole system.
That's a signal for those enormous bow in the twilight.

So they transported horses to the Olympics in Rio this year, and the racehorses got more leg room than your standard horse transports. Oh, I learned.

Yeah, so usually it's three horses to a cabin, and these ones were two because they're special horses with special talents who deserve business-class treatment. That That is so unegalitarian.

But they also pilot more carefully with horses than with people.

Normally we get pilots doing loop the loop.

And the horses just hate that. No, it's not more carefully, but they do more gradual take-offs and landings.
So they spend much longer on takeoff and landing.

They don't do it as steeply so that the deceleration and acceleration isn't as much because horses get centralized.

So that's smart, but also because you can't explain to a horse, okay, you're going to go in a plane now. Whereas the humans, we know what's going on.

A plane operated by the airline Fly Bee was forced to turn back after a bee became stuck in one of its instruments. A bee?

Is that true? Yeah.

Which instrument? What instrument on a plane is so sensitive? Well, they're all important, I imagine. But bees can't do too much damage, can they?

If it was like sitting on a button that was crucial, and you thought you press it, you'll get stung. Sitting on a button.

Maybe it wasn't.

Lower the landing gear. I can't.

It's a bee.

A pork pie-loving man caused a minor alert at Manchester Airports when he tried to carry one through security.

Apparently the juice inside the pie set off the kind of thing that was looking for liquids.

And the people in security said it must have been a very juicy pie.

But we've all got liquid in us, so why don't we set off the alarms? That is a great point. You're right.
I'm not sure you're quite as juicy as a pork pie now.

Don't be insane, James. Nobody's as juicy as a good pork pie.
Anyone would think that this was just a made-up story by a tablike newspaper.

We should end.

Okay, that's it. That's all of our facts.
Thank you so much for listening. If you've enjoyed listening to this podcast, please buy 20 or 30 copies of the book.

It's 1342 QI Facts to leave you flabbergasted, and you can get it by going to qi.com forward slash shop. You can also follow us on Twitter.

I'm on at Andrew Hunter M, James, at Egg Shaped, and at Miller underscore Anne. Anna.
You can email podcast at qi.com.

And you can also go to our group account at qi podcast or go to no such thingasafish.com, where there are many more episodes of delights awaiting you. Thank you so much for listening.

See you again next time. Goodbye.

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